“…The Narcissistic Scale of tte Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (Millon, 1982) was chosen to measure charactenstics related to narcissistic personahty disorfer Fmally, Spielberger, Kling, and O'Hagen's (1978) Sociopathy Scale, developed (m jHison poimlations, was mcluded as an indicator of proneness to antisocial personahty disorder 4 Physical illness A physical symptom checklist was developed to assess common physical illness^ and somatic complaints Because a relatively healtby umversity populaticm was emplc^ed m the present study, episodic rather than severe or chrome conditions were mcluded Subjects were asked on a 4-point scale how often tfiey had had a vanety of specific problems dunng tte past year These items were combined into five rationally denved groupmgs ITiey mcluded (a) colds/sore throat (colds, sore throat, difficulty swallowing, cough), (b) digestive distress (nausea, teartbum, chest pains, abdommal pains), (c) extemal lmtation (rash, itching, itching or watenng eyes), (d) ear difficulties (earaches, buzzing or ringing in the ears, dizziness or trouble with balance), and (e) muscle pain (headaches, neck pain, back pain) Domains related primarily to either distress or restraint Two of the domains included m the group analyses, self-concept and neurotic symptoms, were expected to relate pnmanly to distress, and one, impulse gratification, was expected to relate pnmanly to restraint 1 Self-concept Three measures employed by Pearlin and Schooler (1978) were used to assess mdividuals' self-concept, mcludmg the separate positive self-esteem and self-demgration factors of Rosenberg's (1965) measure The third mdex was a mastery scale developed to assess feelings of control over environmental outcomes 2 Neurotic symptoms Two measures were included that have traditionally been used in clmical populations as measures of excessive or neurotic dysphona The 20-item short-form of the Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale was chosen because it includes those items that discriminated anxious from nonanxious patients in a chmcal population (Hoyt & Magoon, 1954) Sandier and Hazan's (1960) scale of obsessive neurosis was also included as a measure of obsessive worrying 3 Impulse gratification Measures of aggression, debnquency, sexual activity, and drug and alcohol use were included to evaluate individuals' tendencies to gratify hedomstic and antisocial impulses The 16-item short-form of Mauger and Adkmson's (1980) General Aggressiveness scale was chosen to measure aggression It correlates 71 with a longer, empincally denved self-report measure A shortened, 10-item version of Rushton and Chnsjohn's (1981) Self-Report Dehnquency Scale was also included (o = 77) TTie remammg three measures of impulse gratification were developed specifically for tte present study A 13-item Sexual Activity scale (a = 74) was constructed to assess subjects' range and degree of sexual expenence To assess drug and alcdiol use, subjects were asked to rate the frequency of dieir use of vanous substances on comparable 6-pomt scales (1 = never, 6 = more dian three times a week) Based on Gunderson, Russell, and Nail's (1973) assessment of relative seventy, (kug use was divided into three categones (a) manjuana, (b) haUucinogens (e g , LSD, mescahne) or cocaine, and (c) amphetarmnes, barbiturates, or opiates Ttese measures were combmed into a composite index of drug use Sirmlarly, two items were mcluded to assess alcohol use One asked about the frequency of havmg "more than 2 glasses of wine or 2 beers withm a day " The otter asked about the frequency of having "more than 2 mixed dnnks (or 2 oz of hard liquor) withm a day "…”