A V-Band 8$\,\times\,$8 CMOS Butler Matrix MMIC

Chin, Ting-Yueh; Wu, Jen-Chieh; Chang, Sheng-Fuh; Chang, Chia-Chan

doi:10.1109/tmtt.2010.2086372

Cited by 28 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Although the Butler Matrix shown in [28] also has the order of 16 × 16, a large number of crossovers are required and they are realized by external connections which result in poor performance and bulky size. The designed network has comparative performance when it compares with the 8×8 Butler Matrices reported in [14], [26], [27]. It has relatively low insertion loss, imbalance of transmission magnitudes and phase differences.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Low Complexity $16\times16$ Butler Matrix Design Using Eight-Port Hybrids

et al. 2019

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Beamforming networks such as Butler Matrices are important for multibeam array antenna applications. The challenge for Butler Matrix design is that their complexity increases with the number of ports. In this paper, a novel approach of designing a 16 × 16 Butler Matrix with significant structure simplification is presented. The eight-port hybrids with no crossovers are used to simplify the network. To ensure the network has the same magnitude and phase responses as the standard one, the location and phase shifting value of each fixed phase shifter are derived from the S-matrix of each hybrid. A 16 × 16 Butler Matrix network operating from 9 GHz-11 GHz is designed to validate this concept. The compensated microstrip 3-dB/90 • directional coupler, the phase shifter with a shunt open-and-short stub and the crossover with a resonating patch are used to reduce the transmission loss and enable broadband operation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Low Complexity $16\times16$ Butler Matrix Design Using Eight-Port Hybrids

et al. 2019

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“…In Ref. 8–12, the authors designed small coupled‐line couplers on various CMOS processes with broadband promising behavior but no measurement data of the coupler alone are provided. In Ref.…”

Section: Comparison With State‐of‐the‐art Couplersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Millimeter‐wave miniaturized hybrid couplers integrated on advanced bicmos technology

Titz

Ferrero

Debroucke

et al. 2012

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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In this article, we present the design and the measurement of two hybrid couplers for millimeter‐wave applications realized in the BiCMOS9MW 130nm process (ST Microelectronics). The aim is to demonstrate several miniaturization possibilities of a conventional branchline coupler while maintaining a constant 90° phase shift and a low insertion loss over the full 57–66‐GHz band. The first miniaturized coupler is composed of meandered transmission lines; the second is a quasi‐lumped quadrature coupler with discrete capacitors. The performance of these circuits is compared with the most recent on‐chip 60‐GHz couplers. We especially demonstrate the possibility to achieve state‐of‐the‐art performance while using miniaturization techniques. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:2221–2223, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27079

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“…Various studies have been conducted to alleviate the design complexity of a Butler matrix, specifically the constraints imposed by the crossovers [9]- [21]. Multilayered printed circuit board (PCB) [9]- [11], lowtemperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) [12], and CMOS technologies [13], [14] are used to realize crossovers with compact footprints. Rearranging the network deployment as a planar array can reduce the number of crossovers [15], [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Phase Distribution Network Using 2 × 4 Butler Matrix for Linear/Planar Beam-Scanning Arrays

Chu

2021

IEEE Access

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A new 1  4 phase distribution network (PDN) featuring a fully controllable progressive phase shift between outputs is proposed for continuous beam-scanning arrays. The PDN is made up of two parts: a modified 2  4 Butler matrix integrated with four phase shifters (PSs), and a tunable power divider (TPD) whose power division ratio can be controlled over a wide tuning range. The synthesis equations show that the relative phase shift between PDN outputs can be fully controlled by the TPD and embedded PSs without using an external single-pole quad-throw (SP4T) switch. The proposed PDN is demonstrated at 2.4 GHz as the feed network of a 4-element linear array. The experimental results display a fully controllable progressive phase shift (from −180° to 180°) between PDN outputs over a 20% bandwidth with good performance of matching, power division, and relative phase shifts. A spatial coverage of 116° with the feature of continuous beam scanning and negligible dc power consumption is achieved. Benefitting from the single-input topology, a planar 16-element phased array for 2D beam scanning is then realized by simply stacking and cascading five instead of eight PDN modules. It removes the high-cost and bulky SP16T switch. Experimental results demonstrate the uniqueness of the proposed designs.INDEX TERMS Antenna arrays, beam-steering, Butler matrix, phase shifters, tunable circuit and devices.

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A V-Band 8$\,\times\,$8 CMOS Butler Matrix MMIC

Cited by 28 publications

References 23 publications

A Low Complexity $16\times16$ Butler Matrix Design Using Eight-Port Hybrids

A Low Complexity $16\times16$ Butler Matrix Design Using Eight-Port Hybrids

Millimeter‐wave miniaturized hybrid couplers integrated on advanced bicmos technology

A Phase Distribution Network Using 2 × 4 Butler Matrix for Linear/Planar Beam-Scanning Arrays

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