A universal etching method for synthesizing high-performance single crystal cathode materials

A green closed-loop process for selective recycling of lithium from spent lithium-ion batteries

“…The wide application of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is directly driven by their excellent performance in power sources, mobile electronics, and energy storage devices. 1–3 Moreover, LIBs dominate the electric vehicle market due to their high energy density, contributing USD 36.90 billion in 2020 with the increasing demand for electric vehicles (EVs), and is expected to produce approximately 1 million spent LIB packs by 2030. 4–7 However, the increased demand and generated spent LIBs bring concerns to the supply chain and environment.…”

Single-Crystal Ni-Rich Layered LiNi0.9Mn0.1O2 Enables Superior Performance of Co-Free Cathodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries

“…The clear split of the (006)/(102) peak and (018)/(110) peak (enlarged patterns are shown in Figure S9) indicates the high crystallinity of the two cathode materials; , however, SC-NM91 has an order layered structure with higher crystallinity compared with PC-NM91. Furthermore, the larger c -axis (Li layer) of SC-NM91 provides a larger channel for Li + diffusion and thus is beneficial to the rate capability . The XPS results (Figure k,l) of the two pristine samples demonstrate that the ratio of Ni 3+ /Ni 2+ in SC-NM91 is higher and more in line with the stoichiometric ratio, indicating that the higher calcination temperature is beneficial to promote the conversion of Ni 2+ to Ni 3+ .…”

Challenges and Strategies towards Single‐Crystalline Ni‐Rich Layered Cathodes

“…As shown in Figure 2 , the synthesis routes of single‐crystalline Ni‐based layered cathodes are mainly categorized into four types: high‐temperature synthesis (Figure 2a), [ 3b,6c,10a–c,12,13c,26 ] multi‐step lithiation synthesis (Figure 2b), [13a,27] molten‐salt synthesis (Figure 2c), [ 6b,7b,10e,14b,16,28 ] and hydrothermal synthesis (Figure 2d). [ 29 ] In addition, spray pyrolysis, [ 10d,30 ] rheological phase transition, [ 31 ] sol–gel method, [ 32 ] etching method, [ 33 ] hydrogen peroxide assisted synthesis, [ 34 ] all‐dry synthesis, [ 35 ] and other synthesis method, [ 36 ] have already been proposed to prepare single‐crystalline Ni‐based layered cathodes.…”

“…Other synthesis methods, including spray pyrolysis, [ 10d,30 ] rheological phase transition, [ 31 ] sol–gel method, [ 32 ] etching method, [ 33 ] hydrogen peroxide assisted synthesis, [ 34 ] all‐dry synthesis, [ 35 ] etc., have similar problems (complex and immature preparation process, high synthesis cost, and low yield, etc. ), so they are also considered unsuitable for commercial production.…”