A Unique Spatial Practice For Transforming The Social And Cultural Patterns: Atatürk Forest Farm In Ankara

Abstract

Atatürk Forest Farm is a unique spatial practice representing the main philosophy of the Turkish Republic. This private farm of Mustafa Kemal was established in 1925, with the goals of creating a new society by bringing together modern agricultural and industrial production techniques, combining them with leisure activities and developing an urban farm. Consequently, Forest Farm is discussed neither as a land problem nor as a heritage issue in the present paper. Its being is evaluated as a conscious contribution for the cultural transformation of the Turkish nation. Therefore, its genesis is elaborated in relation to the main definitions of culture in history: 1. 'cultivating nature' with the idea of increasing the efficiency in products and lands. 2. 'cultivation of minds' in relation to the education of human beings'. 3. the 'process of social development'. 4. 'meanings, values, ways of life'. 5. 'practices which produce meanings' (Bocock, 1992, 234) and finally 6. the meshing of anthropological views linking the two definitions of 'a way of life' and 'the production of meaning' as 'a network of representations' (Frow and Morris, 1993, viii). All the ideologies and scientific knowledge are mentioned in addition to clarify this main argument. Thus, ideology, space and production are the complementary discussions to the main argument, culture. As an overall structure, the findings and conclusions will be given sequentially under the definitions of culture. CULTIVATING LAND, CROPS, ANIMALS Cultivating nature, the earliest definition of culture, emerged with the idea of efficiency in production and improvement of lands. In fact, cultivating the lands and production were the main themes for a better living after the Great War, too. While the world was witnessing new revolutionary regimes, most of the nations were facing food shortages, and selfsufficiency became the keyword in many countries. Accordingly, with the aim of releasing Italy from its dependence on food imports, Mussolini

Morphological and Physiological Changes under NaCl Stress in Some Pyrus and Quince Rootstocks

“…Potassium (K + ), an essential element for plants, plays a significant role in plant development (Kaçar, 1984). Due to the similar physicochemical structure of Na + and K + , under salt stress, the transportation of Na + in high concentrations causes K + deficiency, leading to a significant decrease in K + levels in most glycophyte species (Greenway and Munns, 1980;Maathuis and Amtmann, 1999).…”

Cumhuriyet Öncesi ve Sonrası Ankara’nın Kent Kimliği ve Kültürel Değişimi

“…Turkish capital thirteenth body Court disintegrated such chamber call and planned on twenty-eighth of November, 2008. The legitimate assurance for denial was equally documented by the Sixth Chamber of the Council of State on seventeenth of March, 2010 (Kaçar, 2011). A mid the development of such roadways that bear the AFF with a full profile as forty meters over the East-West and North-South bearings essential forest and green zone was destroyed and afterwards application of Prime Ministry Service Building was begun.…”

“…On eight July 2006, The Law for Amending Foundational Law of Atatürk Forest Farm numbered 5524 was sanctioned and along with this adjustment ability for "making initial higher scale styles and Development arrange for Conservation functions and in like manner every style of advancement plan" for Atatürk Forest Farm, was changed to Turkish capital Metropolitan Municipality. Turkish capital Metropolitan Municipality that was affirmed to use the AFF zone as discretionarily because it needed, following this lawful game arrange that opened the road, begun its endeavours and organised in a very transient timeframe " (Kaçar, 2011). A mid the development of such roadways that bear the AFF with a full profile as forty meters over the East-West and North-South bearings essential forest and green zone was destroyed and afterwards application of Prime Ministry Service Building was begun.…”

“…Therefore, Atatürk Forest Farm is identified with the being of the Turkish country for meeting its past and its way of life. Consequently, the awareness of general society will encourage more extensive and watchful preservation of Forest Farm as a being, with all its distinctive characteristics that have made it one of a kind (Kaçar, 2011).…”