A two‐stage approach to shunt capacitor‐based optimal reactive power compensation using loss sensitivity factor and cuckoo search algorithm

Abstract

Reactive power compensation on radial distribution systems is a challenging issue. Electric power distribution systems are being bedeviled by high active power loss and severe voltage violation especially on the buses that are far from distribution substations. This article presents a two-stage approach for sizing shunt capacitors and identifying the locations where their placement would be most beneficial within radial distribution systems. A multiobjective function capturing real power loss minimization and bus voltage profile enhancement was formulated and weighted approach was engaged to transform the function into single objective one. While backward forward sweep approach was used for the load flow analysis, loss sensitivity factor was employed to predetermine suitable sites for capacitor installation, with the optimal sites and sizes determined using cuckoo search algorithm. This approach was implemented on IEEE 15-bus and Yale 17-bus/11 kV feeder.Results obtained using the method was thereafter compared with those obtained through other methods as obtained from literature and the comparison shows that cuckoo search algorithm outsmarts others. Significant reduction in real power loss, coupled with appreciable enhancement in voltage profile, is achieved on the Yale 17-bus/11 kV feeder. The approach is therefore viable for addressing reactive power compensation problems confronting practical radial distribution systems. K E Y W O R D Sbackward forward sweep, cuckoo search algorithm, loss sensitivity factor, radial distribution system, shunt capacitor

A Comprehensive Review on Optimal Location and Sizing of Reactive Power Compensation Using Hybrid-Based Approaches for Power Loss Reduction, Voltage Stability Improvement, Voltage Profile Enhancement and Loadability Enhancement

“…The proposed techniques had been tested on IEEE 34 bus and IEEE 85 bus radial distribution systems and the effectiveness of proposed algorithm had been compared with several algorithms: PSO, PGS and MINLP algorithms. Similar work using hybrid analytical-metaheuristic approach had been done by Olabode et al in [120] to determine the optimal location and sizing of SC. The potential locations for SC installation were firstly determined using analytical approach, PLS and the optimal location and sizing optimization problems were solved using CSA.…”

Overview of Loss Sensitivity Analysis in Modern Distribution Systems

“…This method is used as a way of reducing the search space when selecting candidate nodes for DER placement algorithms (with lower complexity and execution time) [38]. For instance, nodes with high NSFs are selected as candidate nodes for optimal placement of DERs and SCs [39], [40]. NSFs are computed using partial derivatives of system line losses.…”

“…Using ( 9) and ( 10), one can compute NSFs based on partial derivatives [37], [39] of system losses with respect to reactive power consumption at the destination n node as follows,…”

“…In this scheme, losses at the secondary level can be minimized through controllable DER assets. This scheme may also have adverse impacts on different locations in the system since some nodes can be very sensitive to complex power changes at other nodes [39]. For this reason, several [106] or system optimal reconfiguration [113].…”

A new analytical index for solving capacitor placement problem of distribution networks in bi‐level framework: Total loss index

“…Although this approach increases the probability of finding optimal solution by reducing search space, implementation of the proposed approach is not easy and fast. In Reference 14, a bi‐level approach has been applied to CPP using CS algorithm and LSF. The approach sizes shunt capacitors and identifies locations where their placement would be most beneficial within distribution network.…”