A twenty-five-year follow-up of ninety-three resected typical carcinoid tumors of the lung

Aj, Schreurs; Cj, Westermann; Jm, van den Bosch; Rg, Vanderschueren; A, Brutel de la Rivière; Pj, Knaepen

doi:10.1016/s0022-5223(19)34645-8

Cited by 103 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Dif®cult situations, where the critical mass of metabolically active malignant cells required for an SUV >2.5 is not always present, are: 1) Lesions <10 mm; other clinical (age, smoking history) and radiological (spiculation) factors determining the likelihood of malignancy should be considered where a speci®c CT-study [54,55], very close follow-up, or more invasive tests can be appropriate. 2) Tumours with low metabolic activity; carcinoid tumours are the most common example, but this tumour usually has a central location, amenable to bronchoscopic biopsy [56]. 3) Bronchioloalveolar cell carcinoma; in most of these cases, other features, especially on CT [57], will be suggestive for the diagnosis, and will point at the scrutiny needed for interpretation of the FDG-PET results.…”

Section: Current Clinical Indicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of positron emission tomography with¹⁸F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose in respiratory oncology

Vansteenkiste¹,

Dooms²

2004

Imaging

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Section: Current Clinical Indicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of positron emission tomography with¹⁸F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose in respiratory oncology

Vansteenkiste¹,

Dooms²

2004

Imaging

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“…13,14 In retrospective series, the median age of patients diagnosed with carcinoid tumors is younger than for those diagnosed with LCNEC or SCLC. 10,[15][16][17] Some series suggest that TC is more frequently diagnosed at a younger age compared with AC, and metastasizes in approximately 15% of cases. 10,[16][17][18][19] AC tumors account for approximately 10% of pulmonary carcinoid tumors, 15,20 and 30% to 50% of individuals develop lymph node or distant metastatic disease.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10,[15][16][17] Some series suggest that TC is more frequently diagnosed at a younger age compared with AC, and metastasizes in approximately 15% of cases. 10,[16][17][18][19] AC tumors account for approximately 10% of pulmonary carcinoid tumors, 15,20 and 30% to 50% of individuals develop lymph node or distant metastatic disease. [21][22][23] LCNEC and SCLC are more frequently diagnosed than are the pulmonary carcinoids.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Patients with typical carcinoid have the most favorable prognosis, with 5-year survival rates generally more than 90% with surgery alone. 5,16,17,23,29 Atypical pulmonary carcinoid tumors are more aggressive, with 40% to 60% 5year survival rates. 13,21 Lymph node involvement and distant metastasis, although uncommon, decrease survival further.…”

Section: Prognosis and Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Tumors: What (Little) Do We Know?

Chen

Travis

Krug

2006

J Natl Compr Canc Netw

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Pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors are a distinct subset of tumors composing approximately 20% of all lung cancers. The major categories of pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors include typical and atypical carcinoids, large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, and the more common small cell lung cancer. They are classified into different categories in the 2004 World Health Organization system, but share structural and morphologic features. Despite these shared features, their clinical characteristics range from indolent to aggressive, and therefore the approach to treatment depends on the histologic subtype. This article discusses the current understanding of the epidemiology, pathologic characteristics, treatment, and prognosis of this spectrum of diseases.

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“…53 Transbronchoscopic laser resection can be helpful in reopening an obstructed bronchus and allowing treatment of sepsis preoperatively. 54 It can also palliate high-risk patients who are not candidates for surgical resection, but endobronchial resection is not recommended as primary treatment for a bronchial carcinoid tumor because of the high risk of local recurrence. 50 Radiation therapy is of no proven benefit but has been used empirically in patients with bronchial obstruction who were not surgical candidates.…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cylindroma, Carcinoid Tumors, and Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma

Rocco¹,

Deschamps

1997

Semin Respir Crit Care Med

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The three types of neoplasm discussed here were classified in the past under the benign appellation of "adenoma." This was misleading and inappropriate because cylindroma, carcinoid tumor, and mucoepidermoid carcinoma are true malignancies with full potential for local invasion and systemic dissemination. There is no known risk factor or gender predilection. The similarity stops here. They differ significantly from each other and from bronchogenic carcinoma in many ways and can be a challenge to all physicians involved, whether it is the pulmonologist, thoracic surgeon, pathologist, or medical oncologist. CYLINDROMACylindroma or adenoid cystic carcinoma is a low-grade malignancy. In addition to the lung and airway, it has been described in the salivary gland, breast, skin, cervix, esophagus, and prostate. 1 It can also arise rarely in mucous glands of the palate, maxillary sinus, eustachian tubes, and the external auditory canal. 2 Cylindromas account for 5 to 10% of patients with bronchial tumors of mucous gland origin 1,3 and ranks second in frequency to carcinoid tumors. Peak age of incidence is in the fourth and fifth decade. 24 Children are rarely affected.Cylindroma usually arises centrally, in the trachea or main stem bronchi and accounts for up to 40% of all major airway tumors. 13 In the trachea, the tumor is usually found in the middle third, 2 , posterolaterally in the angle formed by the cartilaginous rings and the membranous wall where mucous glands are numerous. Less than 10% of cylindromas will present as a solitary pulmonary nodule 5 and it is impossible to distinguish histologically a primary lesion from a lung metastasis. Goldstraw and colleagues noted a predilection for the right side in primary pulmonary cylindroma, a finding confirmed by others. 67 CLINICAL PRESENTATIONObstructive symptoms are common and include dyspnea, wheezing, cough, and recurrent episodes of pneumonia. 7 Dyspnea and wheezing are the most common presenting symptoms. 2 ' 8 In a series of 38 patients collected over a 20-year period, Grillo et al. noted that dyspnea was present in 69% and hemoptysis in 28%. 9 In a report of 38 patients collected over a 32-year period, Maziak and coworkers observed wheezing, cough, and stridor in 39%, 23%, and 21% of their patients, respectively. 8 The slow growth rate can occasionally account for a significant time interval between the onset of symptoms and the actual diagnosis. Goldstraw reported a mean time interval of 50 months between the onset of symptoms and diagnosis. 10 PATHOLOGY It is postulated that cylindroma arises in the collecting duct-acinar region of the bronchial glands since both myoepithelial cells and lining (secretory) cells are present in this location. 11,12 The polypoid or annular solid mass presents a white or Section of General Thoracic Surgery, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota

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A twenty-five-year follow-up of ninety-three resected typical carcinoid tumors of the lung

Cited by 103 publications

References 15 publications

The role of positron emission tomography with¹⁸F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose in respiratory oncology

The role of positron emission tomography with¹⁸F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose in respiratory oncology

Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Tumors: What (Little) Do We Know?

Cylindroma, Carcinoid Tumors, and Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma

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A twenty-five-year follow-up of ninety-three resected typical carcinoid tumors of the lung

Cited by 103 publications

References 15 publications

The role of positron emission tomography with18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose in respiratory oncology

The role of positron emission tomography with18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose in respiratory oncology

Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Tumors: What (Little) Do We Know?

Cylindroma, Carcinoid Tumors, and Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma

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Product

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The role of positron emission tomography with¹⁸F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose in respiratory oncology

The role of positron emission tomography with¹⁸F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose in respiratory oncology