A transversally and longitudinally focusing time-of-flight mass spectrometer

Kutscher, R.; Grix, R.; Li, G.; Wöllnik, H.

doi:10.1016/0168-1176(91)80083-y

Cited by 23 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The primary advantage of the TOFMS is its ability to produce a spectrum of all the ions it samples in a very short period of time, in the range of 30-100 JLS for all the chemical elements. In addition, for appropriate designs of TOFMSs [9] the ion transmission can be very high (> 50%). Furthermore, because elemental isotopes would be detected very dose together in time (nanoseconds), and because all the ions in a single spectrum would be extracted simultaneously from the ICP, the measurement uncertainties in isotope-ratio measurements compared to scanning mass spectrometers may be lower [10].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

An inductively coupled plasma-time-of-flight mass spectrometer for elemental analysis. Part I: Optimization and characteristics

Myers

Yang

et al. 1994

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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An inductively coupled plasma-time-of-flight mass spectrometer (ICP-TOFMS) has been constructed and evaluated for elemental analysis. The instrument produces analog spectra similar to those from quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometers. The large abundance of Ar ions is deflected away from the microchannel plate detector to reduce detector dead time and space-charge complications. The ICP-TOFMS, operated in a linear (nonreflecting) mode, currently has a resolving power of 500 (full width at half maximum). Present ion optics employed in the instrument require a trade-off between signal-to-noise ratio and resolving power. In addition, mass-dependent kinetic energies in the supersonic beam created in the ICP mass spectrometer interface cause a mass bias in the right-angle TOFMS because the ions must be steered to the detector to compensate for their velocity in the supersonic beam direction. In the current design the sampling duty cycle is only approximately 3%, thereby limiting sensitivity. However, positive potentials applied to the right-angle extraction region can increase sensitivity by a factor of 2-4 by slowing down the ions that enter the extraction zone. The transmission efficiency of the TOFMS is approximately 20% and is limited by divergence of the ion packet in the drift tube.

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confidence: 99%

An inductively coupled plasma-time-of-flight mass spectrometer for elemental analysis. Part I: Optimization and characteristics

Myers

Yang

et al. 1994

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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“…Grix and co‐workers obtained resolution of 28 000 with a similar design (Grix et al, ). A grid‐free ion mirror with resolution of 10 000 was reported by Kutscher et al (). Symmetric conically‐shaped electrodes were used at the entrance of the mirror for ion focusing.…”

Section: Grid‐free Ion Mirrorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In pursuit of resolution in time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry: A historical perspective

Radionova

Filippov

Derrick

2015

Mass Spectrometry Reviews

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Time-of-flight mass spectrometry is reviewed from its inception in the 1940s to the present day. The review is concerned with fundamentals of time-of-flight analyzers and of ion sources to the extent that sources influence analyzers. The patent literature has been covered, and efforts made to bring to light less well-known papers and studies © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Mass Spec Rev. 35:738-757, 2016.

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“…Obviously, several groups have sought to design an ion mirror without grids to improve the sensitivity of the instrument by a factor of 10. Gridless ion mirrors were described, for example, by Walter et al [6] in 1986, by Grix et al [7] in 1988, by Wurz in 1990 [4], and by Kutscher et al [8] in 1991. The reported mass resolutions range from 10,000 [6] to 28,000 [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An additional advantage of the gridless reflectron results from the inhomogeneous electrical fields, which have geometrical focusing properties, further enhancing the sensitivity of the system [4,9] compared to a conventional reflectron with grids. A theoretical treatment of a gridless reflectron with inhomogeneous electrical fields was given by Wurz [4] in 1990, Bergmann et al [5,10] in 1990, and Kutscher et al [8] in 1991. Prototypes of gridless ion reflectrons were described by Grix et al [7] in 1988 and Kutscher et al [8] in 1991.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%