A transparent, stretchable, stable, self-adhesive ionogel-based strain sensor for human motion monitoring

Sun, Jiwei; Yang, Yuchong; Lu, Guoqiang; Li, Lingfeng; Zhu, Xiaoqun; Nie, Jun

doi:10.1039/c9tc03797g

Cited by 99 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The T g of the PBA ionogel was lower than pure PBA due to the plasticizing effects of the ILs, which is also founded in other ionogel systems. 8,35,43 Besides, the weight of the PBA ionogel remains unchanged even after storing for 30 days in the open air at 25°C and 50% relative humidity (Supporting Information Figure S6). Consequently, these nonvolatile ionogels with high optical transparency, tunable LCST, good durability, and wide temperature range mechanical stability show promising applications in fields related to flexible sensors and optical devices such as "smart windows".…”

Section: Continuous Regulation Of the Lcst Of Ionogelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finely Tuning the Lower Critical Solution Temperature of Ionogels by Regulating the Polarity of Polymer Networks and Ionic Liquids

et al. 2022

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Nonvolatile ionogels have recently emerged as promising soft electrolyte materials due to their high ionic conductivity and good durability. However, the compatibility between polymer networks and ionic liquids (ILs), which show significant influence on the physicochemical properties of the ionogels, has been rarely studied. Herein, we elucidate a lower critical solution temperature (LCST)-type phase behavior of ionogels composed of polyacrylates and hydrophobic 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium bis{(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl}amide ILs. We systematically study the structural effects of ILs and monomers on the LCST of ionogels. Our work illustrates that the LCST of ionogels is primarily determined by the polarity of polymer side chains and the alkyl chain on cations of ILs. The oriented solvation between polymers and ILs caused by hydrogen-bonding effects and van der Waals interactions may serve as the driving force for the LCST phase behavior in our system. Furthermore, by varying the mixing ratio of two structurally similar ILs in their blends, the LCST of ionogels can be tuned to exhibit a linear variation within a wide temperature range (from subzero to over 200°C). Finally, thermoresponsive ionogels with desired patterns are prepared using photomasks. These nonvolatile ionogels with tunable LCST enriched the functionality of state-of-the-art ionogels, which provides insight into the design and fabrication of smart and flexible electronic/optical devices.

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Section: Continuous Regulation Of the Lcst Of Ionogelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finely Tuning the Lower Critical Solution Temperature of Ionogels by Regulating the Polarity of Polymer Networks and Ionic Liquids

et al. 2022

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“…Ionic conductors are not confined to hydrogels and can also be formed as ionogels—ionic liquid-based gel systems—and also elastomers that include ions or ionic liquids. Ionogels are a new class of soft materials with ionic conductivity and thermal stability, and unlike most hydrogels, do not dry out in open air, offering a promising option for soft stretchable conductors [ 13 , 120 , 128 , 129 , 130 , 131 , 132 ]. Figure 5 depicts examples of transparent ionogels ( Figure 5 a,b) along with a representative demonstration of mechanical strain ( Figure 5 b).…”

Section: Materials Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Materials for Soft Stretchable Conductors and Their Behavior under Mechanical Deformation

Nguyen

Khine

2020

Polymers

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Soft stretchable sensors rely on polymers that not only withstand large deformations while retaining functionality but also allow for ease of application to couple with the body to capture subtle physiological signals. They have been applied towards motion detection and healthcare monitoring and can be integrated into multifunctional sensing platforms for enhanced human machine interface. Most advances in sensor development, however, have been aimed towards active materials where nearly all approaches rely on a silicone-based substrate for mechanical stability and stretchability. While silicone use has been advantageous in academic settings, conventional silicones cannot offer self-healing capability and can suffer from manufacturing limitations. This review aims to cover recent advances made in polymer materials for soft stretchable conductors. New developments in substrate materials that are compliant and stretchable but also contain self-healing properties and self-adhesive capabilities are desirable for the mechanical improvement of stretchable electronics. We focus on materials for stretchable conductors and explore how mechanical deformation impacts their performance, summarizing active and substrate materials, sensor performance criteria, and applications.

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“…Despite the significant breakthroughs, most ionic hydrogelbased sensors still suffer from low sensitivity [8][9][10]. In addition, currently available hydrogel sensors generally secure the contact with skin by adhesive tapes, resulting in not only complicated operations and uncomfortable wearing experience, but also unstable signal detection due to the large interface resistance [11][12][13]. The robust selfadhesion of hydrogel is necessary for enabling the sensors to be seamlessly attached to curvilinear skin and move together with the dynamic human body without slippage and delamination, thus ensuring the accurate monitoring with high signal-to-noise ratio [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An environment-stable hydrogel with skin-matchable performance for human-machine interface

et al. 2021

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Ionic hydrogel-based sensors have shined a spotlight on wearable electronics. However, the sensitivity and reliability of hydrogel devices are significantly hampered by the weak adhesion of skin-sensor interface as well as inferior temperature tolerance. Here, inspired by the structure and composition of dermis, a novel skin-attachable and environment-stable hydrogel was designed by integrating collagen into the LiCl-containing chemically cross-linked polyacrylamide hydrogel. The hydrogel exhibited skin-like mechanical properties of low modulus, superior stretchability as well as excellent elasticity. Furthermore, the introduction of collagen endowed the hydrogel with robust and seamless interfaces with diverse materials, including the curved skin. As a result, the hydrogel is capable of serving as a human-machine interface for collecting reliable electrocardiography (ECG) signals and discerning various human motions, with high sensitivity (gauge factor = 10.7), fast response, negligible hysteresis as well as extensive monitoring range. Notably, the hydrogel that can mimick the temperature-tolerant mechanism of most organisms possesses persistent stabilization of adhesive, conductive, sensory and mechanical performances at subzero or ambient conditions. The skin-inspired strategy paves an effective way for the design of multifunctional materials with potential applications in next-generation electronics.

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A transparent, stretchable, stable, self-adhesive ionogel-based strain sensor for human motion monitoring

Abstract: A multi-functional ionogel-based strain sensor was synthesized to detect various human motions.

Cited by 99 publications

References 49 publications

Finely Tuning the Lower Critical Solution Temperature of Ionogels by Regulating the Polarity of Polymer Networks and Ionic Liquids

Finely Tuning the Lower Critical Solution Temperature of Ionogels by Regulating the Polarity of Polymer Networks and Ionic Liquids

Advances in Materials for Soft Stretchable Conductors and Their Behavior under Mechanical Deformation

An environment-stable hydrogel with skin-matchable performance for human-machine interface

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