A Transparent, Hazy, and Strong Macroscopic Ribbon of Oriented Cellulose Nanofibrils Bearing Poly(ethylene glycol)

Tang, Hu; Butchosa, Núria; Zhou, Qi

doi:10.1002/adma.201404565

Cited by 203 publications

(181 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The CNF were produced from TEMPO-mediated oxidation of never-dried softwood sulphite pulp followed by mechanical disintegration of the corresponding aqueous suspension as described by Tang et al (2015). A part of this suspension was grafted with PEG, cf also (Tang et al 2015;Moberg et al 2016).…”

Section: Cnfmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A part of this suspension was grafted with PEG, cf also (Tang et al 2015;Moberg et al 2016). The notation TO-CNF will in most cases be used in the following to underline that the fibrils were produced in this manner.…”

Section: Cnfmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An acid pre-treatment of the chips in a bioethanol pilot plant gave a solid cellulose-containing residue which after further processing steps was disintegrated in a highpressure homogenizer yielding a 2 wt% aqueous CNC-suspension. In a series of experiments, the produced BE-CNC was also subjected to the TEMPO-mediated oxidation performed in a similar way as for the CNF (Tang et al 2015) in order to facilitate a comparison between the rheological behaviours of the suspensions. Some of the oxidised sample was then subjected to grafting with PEG.…”

Section: Be-cncmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If the different cellulosic elements had a similar surface charge character, this also in principle allows for more precise evaluation of the effect on the dimensions of the cellulosic elements on the rheological behaviour of the suspensions. In this study, the interaction between the cellulose fibrils/particles were further modified by grafting of poly(ethylene glycol) onto the TEMPO-oxidized samples using a procedure described by Tang et al (2015). A grafting of this type is of interest in connection to reinforcement of thermoplastics, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rheological properties of nanocellulose suspensions: effects of fibril/particle dimensions and surface characteristics

et al. 2017

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The rheological properties of aqueous suspensions based on three different nanocelluloses were compared. One system was obtained via acid hydrolysis (thus yielding crystalline nanocellulose, CNC) and the other two from mechanical shearing, but from different origins and subjected to different pretreatments. Of the latter two, one was considered to be a rather typical cellulose nanofibril (CNF) suspension whereas the other was a kind of intermediate between CNF and CNC. All three nanocellulose elements differed in dimensions as evident from transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. With regard to the length of the fibrils/particles, the three nanocelluloses formed three distinct groups with lengths between 200 and slightly more than 800 nm. The three cellulosic elements were also subjected to a TEMPO-mediated oxidation yielding a similar carboxylate content in the three systems. Furthermore, the TEMPO-oxidized elements were grafted with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). The amount of grafted PEG was about 35 wt%. The shear viscosity, the storage modulus and the loss modulus of suspensions of the unmodified, the TEMPO-oxidized and the grafted nanocelluloses were determined at room temperature and the solids content of the suspensions was varied between 0.7 and 2.0 wt%. It was concluded that the rheological properties varied significantly between the suspensions depending on the dimensions of the cellulosic elements and their surface characteristics. In this context, the length (or the aspect ratio) of the particles played a very important role.

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Section: Cnfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cnfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Be-cncmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rheological properties of nanocellulose suspensions: effects of fibril/particle dimensions and surface characteristics

et al. 2017

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“…Functional materials including fiber, films, membranes, aerogels, scaffolds, and hybrid composites have been developed from CNFs Tang et al 2015). CNFs are usually isolated by mechanical fibrillation using a homogenizer (Pääkkö et al 2007;Spence et al 2011), microfluidizer (Wang et al 2013), or ultra-fine friction grinder (Wang et al 2012a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlling the Size and Film Strength of Individualized Cellulose Nanofibrils Prepared by Combined Enzymatic Pretreatment and High Pressure Microfluidization

Wang¹,

Wei²,

Chang³

et al. 2016

BioResources

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The production of functionalized polymers from biomass is of great interest. Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) isolated from lignocellulose have great potential in novel functional materials. In the present study, mild enzymatic treatment followed by high pressure microfluidization of a bleached softwood kraft pulp led to the release of individualized CNFs. Disk milling and high pressure microfluidization resulted in entangled networks of CNFs. CNFs from mild enzyme pretreatments were 8 to 12 nm in diameter and 200 to 400 nm in length, while CNFs from pure mechanical pretreatment were an entangled network of nanofibrils with a diameter of 10 to 20 nm. Films prepared from the resulting CNFs were flexible and semitransparent, and they exhibited high specific tensile stress and modulus. The specific tensile stress and modulus were increased by 3-to 5-fold and 5-to 11-fold, respectively. The specific tensile modulus of the CNFs films from mild enzyme treatments followed by microfluidization was approximately 15 to 16 MN·m/kg, while that of CNFs from pure mechanical fibrillation with or without microfluidization was 10 MN·m/kg and 14 MN·m/kg, respectively. The specific tensile strength of the CNFs films from mild enzyme treatment was slightly lower (72 to 98 kN·m/kg) than that of the CNFs films from pure mechanical fibrillation.

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Biorenewable Nanofiber and Nanocrystal: Renewable Nanomaterials for Constructing Novel Nanocomposites

Zhong

Peng

2017

Handbook of Composites From Renewable Materials

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A Transparent, Hazy, and Strong Macroscopic Ribbon of Oriented Cellulose Nanofibrils Bearing Poly(ethylene glycol)

Cited by 203 publications

References 42 publications

Rheological properties of nanocellulose suspensions: effects of fibril/particle dimensions and surface characteristics

Rheological properties of nanocellulose suspensions: effects of fibril/particle dimensions and surface characteristics

Controlling the Size and Film Strength of Individualized Cellulose Nanofibrils Prepared by Combined Enzymatic Pretreatment and High Pressure Microfluidization

Biorenewable Nanofiber and Nanocrystal: Renewable Nanomaterials for Constructing Novel Nanocomposites

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