A Transmission Line Fault Locator Using Fault-Generated Surges

Stevens, R. F.; Stringfield, T. W.

doi:10.1109/t-aiee.1948.5059797

Cited by 20 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Its use was implemented initially in the middle of the 20th century by Stevens and Lewis [5,6] but they were gradually abandoned 1970s later due to their high cost, poor reliability and maintenance problems. In general, the methods are founded on the work of Carson [7,8] and are based on measure the time that takes the wavehead to propagate from the point where a discontinuity occurs in the line to the measuring terminals.…”

Section: Travelling Wave Based Fault Locationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Travelling Wave Based Fault Location Analysis for Transmission Lines

Andrade

Leão

2012

EPJ Web of Conferences

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Abstract. This paper presents a review of the state of the art for fault location methods in transmission lines based on travelling waves. The motivations that led to these methods are explained historically. Also, a critical analysis, showing the advantages and disadvantages of each of them and their most common applications, is performed. Finally, a comparative analysis between two of the most widely used methods is carried out using real faults, in order to show the results' sensitivity to changes in the line parameters.

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Section: Travelling Wave Based Fault Locationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Travelling Wave Based Fault Location Analysis for Transmission Lines

Andrade

Leão

2012

EPJ Web of Conferences

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“…The analysis of the reflected signals, together with additional information about the cable, yields the estimation of the position and characteristics of the discontinuity points in the cable. The first and more natural application of reflectometry is cable fault detection and localization [ 1 ], but this technique has also been used for many other measurement problems over the years. Some examples are liquid levels and properties monitoring [ 2 ], measurement of salinity and humidity in materials [ 3 , 4 ], measurement of complex soil dielectric permittivity [ 5 ], and skin hydration monitoring [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection and Characterization of Multiple Discontinuities in Cables with Time-Domain Reflectometry and Convolutional Neural Networks

Scarpetta

Spadavecchia

Adamo

et al. 2021

Sensors

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In this paper, a convolutional neural network for the detection and characterization of impedance discontinuity points in cables is presented. The neural network analyzes time-domain reflectometry signals and produces a set of estimated discontinuity points, each of them characterized by a class describing the type of discontinuity, a position, and a value quantifying the entity of the impedance discontinuity. The neural network was trained using a great number of simulated signals, obtained with a transmission line simulator. The transmission line model used in simulations was calibrated using data obtained from stepped-frequency waveform reflectometry measurements, following a novel procedure presented in the paper. After the training process, the neural network model was tested on both simulated signals and measured signals, and its detection and accuracy performances were assessed. In experimental tests, where the discontinuity points were capacitive faults, the proposed method was able to correctly identify 100% of the discontinuity points, and to estimate their position and entity with a root-mean-squared error of 13 cm and 14 pF, respectively.

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“…1. They basically operate as time-domain reflectometry methods, exploiting the fault surge signal v f (t) itself to estimate the fault distance [4], e.g., by measuring the propagation delay between the first observation of the fault surge and subsequent reflections over the fault. To do so, TWM need to separate impinging and reflected portions of the fault transient signal, which may require relatively large bandwidths, potentially a drawback, but also the reason behind their good spatial resolution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Spatial Resolution of Fault-Location Techniques Based on Full-Fault Transients

Cozza

2020

IEEE Trans. Power Delivery

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This paper discusses the mechanisms enabling spatial resolution in fault location methods based on full transient signals, as opposed to those only using their early-time portion. This idea is found in recent travelling-wave methods (TWM) and those based on electromagnetic time reversal (EMTR). Their spatial resolution is discussed in terms of the sensitivity of a system resonances to change in the fault position and their coherence bandwidth. It is proven that using the entire transient signal it is possible to bypass the Fourier transform uncertainty principle, which limits the spatial resolution of time-domain reflectometry and standard early-time TWM. Super-resolved fault location is shown to be possible only for resonating systems, enabling high spatial resolution without relying on wide-band data. A detailed theoretical analysis for laterals and numerical results for networks and a three-phase line show that significant differences can be observed for the spatial resolution associated to each resonance, most often resulting in a loss of spatial resolution. The interaction between separate resonant structures, such as laterals in networks and coupled conductors in three-phase lines are shown to be main cause of resolution loss.

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A Transmission Line Fault Locator Using Fault-Generated Surges

Cited by 20 publications

References 10 publications

Travelling Wave Based Fault Location Analysis for Transmission Lines

Travelling Wave Based Fault Location Analysis for Transmission Lines

Detection and Characterization of Multiple Discontinuities in Cables with Time-Domain Reflectometry and Convolutional Neural Networks

On the Spatial Resolution of Fault-Location Techniques Based on Full-Fault Transients

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