A Traffic Emission-saving Signal Timing Model for Urban Isolated Intersections

Rao, Qian; Zhang, Lun; Yang, Wenchen; Zhang, Meng

doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.08.269

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…This laboratory implementation makes it possible to evaluate realistically the performances of the proposed system before a real implementation in the field. We applied the standard practice of using simulation to test the effectiveness of the FCDATS system because, in most academic studies, traffic light regulation and traffic signal optimization were designed and analyzed in simulated environments [65][66][67][68]. Once the results have been analyzed, if they are promising, the system can be tested in a real environment.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Single Intersection Cooperative-Competitive Paradigm in Real Time Traffic Signal Settings Based on Floating Car Data

et al. 2019

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New technologies such as "connected" and "autonomous" vehicles are going to change the future of traffic signal control and management and possibly will introduce new traffic signal systems that will be based on floating car data (FCD). The use of floating car data to regulate traffic signal systems, in real time, has the potential for an increased sustainability of transportation in terms of energy efficiency, traffic safety and environmental issues. However, research has never explored how not "connected" vehicles would benefit by the implementation of such systems. This paper explores the use of floating car data to regulate traffic signal systems in real-time in a single intersection and in terms of cooperative-competitive paradigm between "connected" vehicles and conventional vehicles. In a dedicated laboratory, developed for testing regulation algorithms, results show that "invisible vehicles" for the system (which are not "connected") in most simulated cases also benefit when real time traffic signal settings based on floating car data are introduced. Moreover, the study estimates the energy and air quality impacts of a single intersection signal regulation by evaluating fuel consumption and pollutant emissions. Specifically, the study demonstrates that significant improvements in air quality are possible with the introduction of FCD regulated traffic signals.Energies 2019, 12, 409 2 of 22 completely eliminated, showing that congestion was reduced and safety increased [5,6]. Cassini [7,8] also presents a fascinating case where traffic signals were installed improperly causing residents to protest, without success, until the moment the lights went off for a technical failure and the traffic jams magically disappeared.While these experiences hint that regulating traffic signal systems properly is an important and actual problem, mobile internet coupled with Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) localization systems are creating disruptive innovations in the transportation sector. A real technical revolution has started, driven by the convergence of mobile internet, GNSS and the introduction of "connected" vehicles.Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) can take advantage in the use of Floating Car Data (FCD) for managing traffic flow or to extract traffic flow parameters and many large scale deployments of such systems based on Floating Car Data (FCD) are already showing the use of mobile phones [9][10][11][12] and wireless communications [13,14] combined with GNSS technologies.Smartphones (and connected vehicles) can obtain localization and speed information from GNSS systems such as Galileo, GPS and Glonass. GPS sensors embedded in smartphones provide an economical method to obtain vehicular travel times [15] and to evaluate traffic scenarios [16,17]. Smartphones also allow the estimation of traffic safety parameters [18] and route choices [19]. Mobile devices have also been used to asses safety and risks by insurance companies [20] and for traffic safety [21,22] and fuel consumption estimation [23]....

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Single Intersection Cooperative-Competitive Paradigm in Real Time Traffic Signal Settings Based on Floating Car Data

et al. 2019

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“…The ratio of the accurate function value to the initial exact function value is adopted as the aim of optimization value. The weights of different indicators in the optimization objective are determined [13] .…”

Section: Signal Optimization Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Signal timing optimization of exit lanes for left-turn intersections considering emission and delay

Zhang

Liu

Wan

et al. 2023

Sixth International Conference on Traffic Engineering and Transportation System (ICTETS 2022)

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To evaluate the environmental benefits and operating efficiency of exit lanes for left-turn intersections, a signal optimization model considering emissions and delays is proposed. Considering the three pollutants of CO, HC, and NOx in cars and buses exhaust, VISSIM simulation software is used to obtain second-by-second data of vehicles. The data is used to calculate the second-by-second Vehicle Specific Power and to calibrate the two types of emission factors for each lane group. Cycle length, main-signal and pre-signal control are regarded as constraints, and minimum emissions and delays are regarded as optimization goals. The bi-objective optimization for exit lanes for left-turn intersections is transformed into a single-objective optimization problem through the linear weighted sum method, and the genetic algorithm is used to solve the optimal signal timing scheme. The results show that, compared with conventional intersections, the design of EFL intersections can not only improve operation efficiency, but also reduce emissions. The optimal signal timing scheme for exit lanes for left-turn intersection can reduce the delay by 6.27% and the total emissions by 7.47%; At the same time, when the proportion of left-turn traffic is 35%~40%, the signal optimization model proposed in this paper has the best optimization performance. Effective in relieving traffic pressure and has good environmental benefits.

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“…The outputs from VISSIM (delay and average stops) and CMEM are inserted into a multi-objective genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) to determine the solutions which simultaneously minimized total delay, total number of stops and average fuel consumption. Qian et al (2013) developed a weighted sum objective function consisting of delay, pollutant emission and traffic capacity which was used to derive the optimal traffic control strategies under different traffic conditions by applying real-coded GA. Zhang et al (2013) formulated a two-objective optimization function which included delay and exposure to traffic emissions with the goal of optimizing cycle length, offsets, green splits and phase sequences. Simulation based GA was implemented to optimize the objective function.…”

Section: Environmental Metrics As Part Of Traffic Signal Optimizationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-criteria optimization of traffic signals: Mobility, safety, and environment

Stevanović

Stevanovic

et al. 2015

Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies

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a b s t r a c tTwo-dimensional multi-objective optimizations have been used for decades for the problems in traffic engineering although only few times so far in the optimization of signal timings. While the other engineering and science disciplines have utilized visualization of 3-dimensional Pareto fronts in the optimization studies, we have not seen many of those concepts applied to traffic signal optimization problems. To bridge the gap in the existing knowledge this study presents a methodology where 3-dimensional Pareto Fronts of signal timings, which are expressed through mobility, (surrogate) safety, and environmental factors, are optimized by use of an evolutionary algorithm. The study uses a segment of 5 signalized intersections in West Valley City, Utah, to test signal timings which provide a balance between mobility, safety and environment. In addition, a set of previous developed signal timing scenarios, including some of the Connected Vehicle technologies such as GLOSA, were conducted to evaluate the quality of the 3-dimensional Pareto front solutions. The results show success of 3-dimensinal Pareto fronts moving towards optimality. The resulting signal timing plans do not show large differences between themselves but all improve on the signal timings from the field, significantly. The commonly used optimization of standard single-objective functions shows robust solutions. The new set of Connected Vehicle technologies also shows promising benefits, especially in the area of reducing inter-vehicular friction. The resulting timing plans from two optimization sets (constrained and unconstrained) show that environmental and safe signal timings coincide but somewhat contradict mobility. Further research is needed to apply similar concepts on a variety of networks and traffic conditions before generalizing findings.

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A Traffic Emission-saving Signal Timing Model for Urban Isolated Intersections

Cited by 17 publications

References 5 publications

A Single Intersection Cooperative-Competitive Paradigm in Real Time Traffic Signal Settings Based on Floating Car Data

A Single Intersection Cooperative-Competitive Paradigm in Real Time Traffic Signal Settings Based on Floating Car Data

Signal timing optimization of exit lanes for left-turn intersections considering emission and delay

Multi-criteria optimization of traffic signals: Mobility, safety, and environment

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