A Tool for Training Primary Health Care Medical Students: The Virtual Simulated Patient

López, Víctor; Eisman, Eduardo M.; Castro, Juan Luis

doi:10.1109/ictai.2008.50

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…ECAs are beginning to be used in education as part of online or in-person courses. For example, ECAs have been applied to teach computer programming [2], mathematics [3], literacy [4], medical diagnosis skills (as virtual patients for medical students) [5], and social communication skills to children with autism [6]. It is important that ECAs form quality relationships with students because student-teacher relationship quality affects learning engagement and academic achievement [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Design Features on Relationship Quality with Embodied Conversational Agents: A Systematic Review

Loveys

Sebaratnam

Sagar

et al. 2020

Int J of Soc Robotics

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Embodied conversational agents (ECAs) are increasingly used in healthcare and other settings to improve self-management and provide companionship. Their ability to form close relationships with people is important for enhancing effectiveness and engagement. Several studies have looked at enhancing relationships with ECAs through design features focused on behaviours, appearance, or language. However, this evidence is yet to be systematically synthesized. This systematic review evaluates the effect of different design features on relationship quality with ECAs. A systematic search was conducted on electronic databases EMBASE, PsychInfo, PubMed, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, SCOPUS, and Web of Science in January-February 2019. 43 studies were included for review that evaluated the effect of a design feature on relationship quality and social perceptions or behaviours towards an ECA. Results synthesize effective design features and lay a scientific framework for improving relationships with ECAs in healthcare and other applications. Risk of bias for included studies was generally low, however there were some limitations in the research quality pertaining to outcome measurement and the reporting of statistics. Further research is needed to understand how to make ECAs effective and engaging for all consumers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Design Features on Relationship Quality with Embodied Conversational Agents: A Systematic Review

Loveys

Sebaratnam

Sagar

et al. 2020

Int J of Soc Robotics

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“…We identified 20 studies of 12 unique virtual patient (VP) systems [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48] and 1 virtual tutor 49 for inclusion in this review. VPs are dialog systems used in medical education that mimic the symptoms and demeanor of real patients enabling students to try out different approaches within a simulated learning environment.…”

Section: Medical Educationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of Health Dialog Systems

et al. 2019

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Background Health dialog systems have seen increased adoption by patients, hospitals, and universities due to the confluence of advancements in machine learning and the ubiquity of high-performance hardware that supports real-time speech recognition, high-fidelity text-to-speech, and semantic understanding of natural language. Objectives This review seeks to enumerate opportunities to apply dialog systems toward the improvement of health outcomes while identifying both gaps in the current literature that may impede their implementation and recommendations that may improve their success in medical practice. Methods A search over PubMed and the ACM Digital Library was conducted on September 12, 2017 to collect all articles related to dialog systems within the domain of health care. These results were screened for eligibility with the main criteria being a peer-reviewed study of a system that includes both a natural language interface and either end-user testing or practical implementation. Results Forty-six studies met the inclusion criteria including 24 quasi-experimental studies, 16 randomized control trials, 2 case–control studies, 2 prospective cohort studies, 1 system description, and 1 human–computer conversation analysis. These studies evaluated dialog systems in five application domains: medical education (n = 20), clinical processes (n = 14), mental health (n = 5), personal health agents (n = 5), and patient education (n = 2). Conclusion We found that dialog systems have been widely applied to health care; however, most studies are not reproducible making direct comparison between systems and independent confirmation of findings difficult. Widespread adoption will also require the adoption of standard evaluation and reporting methods for health dialog systems to demonstrate clinical significance.

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“…However, there are also some drawbacks which limit the training efficiency. SP can only performance specific cases in some limited area [11][12]. Although SPs are extremely proficient in simulating the disease symptoms, emotional states and certain examination findings, it is impossible for them to simulate physical signs such as pupil reflex, breath sounds or heart murmurs [13].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of optic nerve and facial nerve models for cranial nerve examination training

Noh

Terunaga

Tokumoto

et al. 2012

2012 IEEE/SICE International Symposium on System Integration (SII)

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Cranial nerve system is the core part of human Nervous system. Different diseases on the pathway of the system correspond to different symptoms. According to the diagnosis of these symptoms the doctor can early diagnose out the related diseases on the nervous pathway. In order to master the adept skills, the neurologic medical staffs need to be trained on the diagnostic methods as well as learn abundant knowledge. As a traditional way of education, books and videos are used to help the students to comprehend the knowledge. However, compared with performing the examination on the real patient, this common way lacks vividness. Especially there are no active interactions. Recently more and more medical simulators are developed based on robotic technologies. These simulators bring innovative methods for medical education. Nevertheless, they just focus on the symptoms' reproduction, and do not have the abilities to show the relationships between sicknesses and symptoms. In this paper, we will propose a face robot (Fig. 1) for cranial nerves examination training to improve the training effectiveness. In this robot, we not only simulated various symptoms of optic tracking, eyeball movements, facial paralysis, but also made a cranial neurological model to simulate the different influences of the disorders on the nervous pathway. Finally, we performed a set of experiments to assess our proposed mechanism and control system. Three neurologists with over 30 years' experience were invited to show their opinions on the robot, and to discuss the results. All the results lead to the improvements for further researches.

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A Tool for Training Primary Health Care Medical Students: The Virtual Simulated Patient

Cited by 13 publications

References 6 publications

The Effect of Design Features on Relationship Quality with Embodied Conversational Agents: A Systematic Review

The Effect of Design Features on Relationship Quality with Embodied Conversational Agents: A Systematic Review

A Systematic Review of Health Dialog Systems

Development of optic nerve and facial nerve models for cranial nerve examination training

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