A three-dimensional vertically aligned carbon nanotube/polyaniline composite as a supercapacitor electrode

Abstract

Highly vertically aligned carbon nanotube arrays grown on the surface of pure titanium plates by chemical vapor deposition serve as substrates for electrodepositing polyaniline to fabricate three-dimensional carbon nanotube/polyaniline composites.

The mechanical and electrical properties of direct-spun carbon nanotube mat-epoxy composites

“…CNT-PANI composites comprise three distinct phases: CNT bundles, PANI and intervening voids, of volume fraction , and , respectively. The specific capacitance of the CNT-PANI composite is obtained by normalising the capacitance of the electrode by the PANI mass, and is plotted against the PANI volume fraction in Figure 2 [17,[20][21][22][23][24]26,32,37,40,41,43,47,48,51,52]. CNT-based EDLCs possess a specific power of up to 40 kW.kg -1 ; this value is close to the maximum specific power recorded for CNT-PANI electrodes.…”

“…(c) The specific capacitance of CNT, porous PANI and CNT-PANI composites is plotted versus the volume fraction of PANI. The sources of data are [21,47] for CNT EDLCs, from for PANI [24,26,32,47,51,52], from [20][21][22]24,37,47] for the powder-form CNT-PANI composites, from [40,41] for the forest-spun CNT-PANI composites, from [17,23,43,48] for the direct-spun CNT-PANI composites and from the present study. simulation.…”

“…Subsequently, the forests are drawn into CNT-PANI composites directly via electrodeposition [39]. Alternatively, the forests may be processed into so-called 'forest-spun' mats or fibres in a dry state, prior to electrodeposition of a PANI layer [40][41][42].…”

“…The reported specific power (the power per unit mass of the active material) and specific energy (the energy per unit mass of the active material) of the CNT-PANI composite electrode classes, as reported in the literature [17,[20][21][22][23][24]37,40,41,43,47,48], and as measured in this study, are assembled in Figure 2(b), alongside data from electrolytic capacitors [49], EDLCs [21,47,50], PANI pseudocapacitors [24,26,32,47,51,52] and lithiumion batteries [53]. Batteries offer higher specific energy than electrolytic capacitors, but possess much lower specific power.…”

Retracted: A concise review on the elastomeric behavior of electroactive polymer materials

“…According to the actuation method, EAP is divided into two main types (Figure 1): ionic EAP, whose performance depends on the diffusion or mobility of ions, and electronic EAP, whose mechanical properties depend on the Columbus force or electric field. [30][31][32][33][34] This is just a brief description of the materials used as EAP. The more detailed information is as follows in the book edited by YB-Cohen.…”