A thermophysical mathematical model of steady-draw smoking and predictions of overall cigarette behavior

Summerfield, M.; Ohlemiller, Thomas J.; Sandusky, H. W.

doi:10.1016/0010-2180(78)90065-2

Cited by 43 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Once a smoldering process is past the initiation stage, it has generally been accepted that its rate is controlled by the rate of oxygen supply [8,10,11,12].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forced smolder propagation and the transition to flaming in cellulosic insulation

Ohlemiller¹

1985

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“…Once a smoldering process is past the initiation stage, it has generally been accepted that its rate is controlled by the rate of oxygen supply [8,10,11,12].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forced smolder propagation and the transition to flaming in cellulosic insulation

Ohlemiller¹

1985

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“…Furthermore, smoldering combustion of porous cellulosic material or polyurethane foam will produce substantial CO; few quantitative data are available, presumably because smoldering is strongly affected by experimental conditions, especially air movement and impurities. However, it has been reported that cigarette smoke contains about 3 to 4 percent by weight of CO (11). Cullis et al (lZ) have heated cellulose at heating rates of about 10~/second, drawing air through, and found that the percentage of CO in the product gas increased and then decreased as the temperature increased with a maximum of about ZO% CO at 450 0 C (the primary constituent being nitrogen).…”

Section: Generation Of Toxicantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Some Unresolved Fire Chemistry Problems

Friedman¹

1986

Fire Saf. Sci.

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Six areas of fire science are selected for discussion which involve chemistry in an important way. The areas are: rate of pyrolysis of a solid combustible; generation of toxicants in a fire; fire luminosity (radiative output) and smoke generation; fire retardation of wood and synthetics; flammability of a hot gas layer in a compartment before flashover; and chemically active extinguishing agents. In each case, highlights of knowledge and remaining unso Lved questions are touched upon, and 35 references to the recent literature are provided.

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“…Mathematical models (19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27) of a burning cigarette proposed by the late 1980s are summarized in Table 1. Much of the significant progress in the mathematical modeling of the burning cigarette was made in the mid 1970s to early 1980s.…”

Section: Cigarette Burning Models Proposed By the Late 1980smentioning

confidence: 99%

An Approach to Modeling a Burning Cigarette

Muramatsu

2005

Beiträge Zur Tabakforschung International/Contributions to Tobacco Research

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SUMMARYThe temperature and smoke components distributions inside a burning cigarette have been briefly reviewed. Then, focusing on our mathematical model to explain the natural smoldering mechanism of a cigarette and new mathematical models recently published by other authors, an approach to modeling a burning cigarette has been outlined. It has been more than forty years since modeling the burning process of a cigarette was first attempted. Although the modeling work, which has been adopted as a means to research the burning mechanism of a cigarette, has seen a certain degree of progress in the last forty years, almost all mathematical models published are restricted to a burning cigarette under a free convection or a steady draw condition. No realistic model has been published yet to explain the processes occurring inside a burning cigarette under an intermittent puffing cycle. RESUMEUn bref aperçu sur la distribution de la température et des composants de la fumée à l'intérieur d'une cigarette incandescente est donné. Puis, en se basant sur un modèle mathématique pour expliquer le mécanisme de la combustion statique d'une cigarette, et des nouveaux modèles récemment publiés par d'autres auteurs, une approche permettant de modéliser une cigarette en combustion est présentée. Depuis plus de quarante ans des modèles pour décrire le processus de combustion d'une cigarette ont été mis au point. Bien que certains progrès aient été réalisés pendant ces quarante dernières années avec ces modèles, appliqués comme moyen d'étudier le mécanisme de combustion d'une cigarette, presque tous les modèles mathématiques publiés sont limités aux processus de combustion à convection naturelle ou à tirage constant. Jusqu'à présent aucun modèle réaliste n'a été publié, permettant d'expliquer le processus à l'intérieur d'une cigarette incandescente lors de bouffées intermittentes. [Beitr. Tabakforsch. Int. 21 (2005) 286-293]

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A thermophysical mathematical model of steady-draw smoking and predictions of overall cigarette behavior

Cited by 43 publications

References 5 publications

Forced smolder propagation and the transition to flaming in cellulosic insulation

Forced smolder propagation and the transition to flaming in cellulosic insulation

Some Unresolved Fire Chemistry Problems

An Approach to Modeling a Burning Cigarette

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