A test method for pesticide tolerance in minute parasiticHymenoptera

Havron, A.; Rosen, David; Rössler, Y.

doi:10.1007/bf02390934

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Both species were reared on the oleander scale, Aspidiotus nerii Bouch6 (Homoptera: Diaspididae) on banana squash, Cucurbita maxima. Rearing conditions, cages, chemicals and glassware were identical with those used in the mass selection programs (Havron et al, 1987a). Mated and unmated A. holoxanthus females for fertility experiments were taken from an unselected laboratory population.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection for pesticide resistance in Aphytis

Javier

Havron

Morallo-Rejesus

et al. 1991

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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Field-collected populations of Aphytis holoxanthus DeBach (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) and of A. lingnanensis Compere were selected for malathion and azinphosmethyl resistance, respectively, utilizing the male selection method. In preliminary experiments, fertility of virgin females was not significantly lower than that of mated females, and the rate of development of their progeny was similar. Males proved more susceptible to pesticides than females, and among them the sons of virgins were more susceptible than the sons of mated females. Some after-effects of sublethal exposure to pesticides were noted in both species. A mating ratio of 1 selected male: 2.0-2.5 females was optimal. Cold storage of female pupae proved feasible for synchronizing availability.Resistance of A. holoxanthus to malathion was not increased by 25 male selection cycles. Resistance of A. lingnanensis to azinphosmethyl, which had already been improved by mass selection, was further increased by 7 cycles of male selection.The different outcomes of the two projects are discussed in relation to the variability of the original field populations, and the results of male selection are compared with those of mass selection of identical populations.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection for pesticide resistance in Aphytis

Javier

Havron

Morallo-Rejesus

et al. 1991

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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“…Later generations were reared on oleander scale (Aspidiotus nerii Bouch6) on the same host plant. Rearing, selection and emergence cages were held at 27 + 1.5 ~ 65 + 5~o rh and a photoperiod of 16L:8D (Havron et al, 1987a). For the malathion selection program, several field populations were expanded for 2-4 generations and submitted to tolerance tests.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection for pesticide resistance in Aphytis

Havron

Rosen

Prag

et al. 1991

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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Field‐collected populations of Aphytis holoxanthus DeBach (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), a parasite of Chrysomphalus aonidum (L.) (Homoptera: Diaspididae), were tested for malathion and for azinphosmethyl tolerance, and selected for increased resistance. Initial tolerance for malathion was not significantly different between populations, and could not be significantly increased by 30 selection cycles. Two field populations showed relatively high levels of azinphosmethyl tolerance, which were further increased by selection to 24–48 times that of a susceptible laboratory population. The differences in response to the two organophosphorus insecticides are discussed in relation to differences in their modes of application, detoxification by insects and the genetic bottleneck experienced by an imported species.

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“…darkened wooden boxes 16x 16x25 cm, bearing glass collection tubes, 2 cm in diameter and 12 cm high, glued vertically to their top lids as described by Havron et al (1987). The other two infested fruits were added to the experimental chamber at 14-day intervals.…”

Section: Interaction In Mixed-species Popidationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After 30-35 days of exposure to the parasites, the hosts were removed to emergence cages, i.e. darkened wooden boxes 16x 16x25 cm, bearing glass collection tubes, 2 cm in diameter and 12 cm high, glued vertically to their top lids as described by Havron et al (1987). The adult parasites that emerged from the host-scales were attracted to the light and food source (stripes of honey) in the collection tubes.…”

Section: Interaction In Mixed-species Popidationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Competition between two parasites of the Florida red scale in Israel

Steinberg

Podoler

Rosen

1987

Ecological Entomology

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1. During the last decade, the endoparasitic wasp Pteroptrix smithi (Compere) has gradually replaced the ectoparasitic wasp Aphytis holoxanthus DeBach on the Florida red scale, Chrysomphalus aonidum (L.), on citrus in Israel. The studies reported herein were aimed at elucidating some of the mechanisms of this process.2. Aphytis adults detected, and were attracted to hosts containing eggs of Pteroptrix, whereas adults of Pteroptrix did not detect hosts containing eggs of Aphytis. In this extrinsic aspect of host discrimination, Aphytis is superior to its competitor. Neither species responded to hosts containing heterospecific first-instar larvae, and both tended to avoid hosts containing more advanced developmental stages of the other species.3. Aphytis outcompeted Pteroptrix in most cases of multiple parasitism, as observed under both controlled and field conditions. 4. Aphytis was superior in mixed-species cultures; however, its dominance was affected by the availability of adult food.5. Aphytis adults were found to be more sensitive (X4.11) to the insecticide malathion as compared to adults of Pteroptrix. This finding provides a possible explanation to the displacement of Aphytis by Pteroptrix in the citrus groves along the coastal plain of Israel.

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A test method for pesticide tolerance in minute parasiticHymenoptera

Cited by 15 publications

References 19 publications

Selection for pesticide resistance in Aphytis

Selection for pesticide resistance in Aphytis

Selection for pesticide resistance in Aphytis

Competition between two parasites of the Florida red scale in Israel

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