A test for teratological effects of power frequency magnetic fields on chick embryos

Cox, Christopher; Brewer, L.; Raeman, Carol H.; Schryver, C.A.; Child, Sally Z.; Carstensen, E. L.

doi:10.1109/10.237690

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Veterany and Hluchy (2001) and Toman et al (2002) reported that hatchability of hen eggs subjected to a magnetic field during storage prior to setting was increased, but hatchability of eggs treated with a magnetic field during incubation was decreased. Cox et al (1993) did not find any developmental anomalies after treating hen eggs with a magnetic field of 50 Hz and 10 µT in the first 52 hours of incubation. Coulton and Barker (1991) stated that the effects attributed to the action of magnetic field might be a derivative of disturbances in hatching parameters.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 68%

The effect of magnetic field on hatchability of Japanese quail eggs

Tarasewicz¹,

Szczerbińska²,

Majewska³

et al. 2006

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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ABSTRACT:The effect of environmental conditions on hatching indices of poultry eggs is sufficiently important that new methods for their improvement are sought, among others through exposing the eggs during hatching to an artificially generated magnetic field of variable frequency. Hatching eggs in this study came from Pharaoh quail in the 4th month of laying. The flock was kept under optimum microclimate conditions and fed a complete feed mix containing 21% total protein and 11.7 MJ ME. The eggs (n = 150), after weighing, were divided into 3 groups equal in respect of numbers: control (I) and two experimental (II and III). The eggs of group II and III were exposed to the action of variable magnetic field of the same intensity but different times of application. The highest percentage of dead embryos during incubation in relation to fertilised eggs was found in control group (11.36%), while the smallest was from group II (4.17%). The highest value of hatching indices calculated in relation to fertilised eggs was found in group II (91.6%), while the smallest was in group III (83.7%) with 86.3% in control group. The results point to the possibility of increasing egg hatchability indices through the use of additional variable magnetic field. The chicks hatched from eggs exposed to the action of this experimental agent had similar body weight. The average weight of one-day-old chicks ranged from 7.82 g (group II) to 8.05 g (group III). In the last week of rearing, mean body weight in both sexes was similar and ranged from 168 (group I) to 172 g (group III) in males, and from 186 g (group I) to 199 g (group III) in females; these differences were not statistically significant. The females of group III reached sexual maturity at 41 days, this being one and three days (non-significantly) earlier than birds in group I and II.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 68%

The effect of magnetic field on hatchability of Japanese quail eggs

Tarasewicz¹,

Szczerbińska²,

Majewska³

et al. 2006

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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“…Cox et al [1993] attempted to partly replicate the findings of Juutilainen et al No difference from control embryos was observed in 200 embryos exposed to a 10 mT, 50 Hz magnetic field. Farrell et al [1997] conducted an extensive series of experiments on the effects of pulsed and sinusoidal magnetic fields on chick embryo development, involving a total of more than 2500 embryos.…”

Section: Magnetic Fields: Non-mammalian Speciesmentioning

confidence: 83%

Developmental effects of electromagnetic fields

Juutilainen

2005

Bioelectromagnetics

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This paper reviews experimental studies on the effects of radiofrequency (RF), extremely low frequency (ELF), and intermediate frequency (IF) electromagnetic fields on animal development. Numerous studies have shown that RF fields are teratogenic at exposure levels sufficiently high to cause significant increase of temperature. There is no consistent evidence of RF field effects at nonthermal exposure levels. Only a few studies have evaluated possible effects on postnatal development using sensitive endpoints, such as behavioral effects. ELF electric fields up to 150 kV/m have been evaluated in several mammalian species. The results are rather consistent and do not suggest adverse developmental effects. The results of studies on ELF magnetic fields suggest effects on bird embryo development, but not consistently in all studies. Results from experiments with other non-mammalian experimental models have also suggested subtle effects on developmental stability. In mammals, most studies have shown no effects of prenatal exposure to ELF or IF magnetic on gross external, visceral, or skeletal malformations. The only finding that shows some consistency is increase of minor skeleton alterations in several experiments. Taken as a whole, the results do not show robust adverse effects of ELF and IF fields on development. However, additional studies on the suggested subtle effects on developmental stability might increase our understanding of the sensitivity of biological organisms to weak low-frequency magnetic fields.

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“…They were surrounded by fragments of rough endoplasmic reticulum and lots of free ribosomes. It was reported that mitochondria is the source of free radicals produced in response to electromagnetic wave exposure in human sperms [22]. It further reported potential causative mechanism of electron leakage from the mitochondrial electron transport chain which causes oxidative DNA damage.…”

Section: Histology and Electron Microscopymentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Production of heat shock proteins is stimulated to repair this damage. This also increases reactive oxygen species production and apoptosis [17,22,23]. DNA damage if not repaired would most likely result in cell death [23].…”

Section: Gross Malformationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Electromagnetic Field on the Development of Chick Embryo: An In Vivo Study

Siddiqi¹,

Nazwani²

2019

Electromagnetic Fields and Waves

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This study was conducted to explore the effects of electromagnetic waves on a developing chick embryo. The radiofrequency electromagnetic waves (RFW) emitted by different smart phones was measured by using a TriField meter. Chick fertilized eggs were placed in an egg incubator, divided into control and exposed groups. In the exposed group, a mobile phone was placed inside an incubator in call receiving mode, while in the control group, the mobile phone was not used. Studies were conducted at low and high exposure (dose) of RFW. Chick embryos were sacrificed at day 10 and day 15, and embryos were examined for mortality, gross malformation, weight, and length. Histology, electron microscopy, and Hsp 70 of liver were done for the high dose group. No mortality was observed in the low dose group; however, in the high dose group, the mortality was 14%, and deformities of the limbs and skin abnormalities were observed. Weight and length in the exposed groups were significantly lower than the control at higher dose. Histology and ultrastructure of liver revealed fatty infiltration, increase number of mitochondria, deformation, and disappearance of its cristae. Hsp 70 and mRNA levels were elevated in the exposed groups for high dose group.

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A test for teratological effects of power frequency magnetic fields on chick embryos

Cited by 6 publications

References 16 publications

The effect of magnetic field on hatchability of Japanese quail eggs

The effect of magnetic field on hatchability of Japanese quail eggs

Developmental effects of electromagnetic fields

Effects of Electromagnetic Field on the Development of Chick Embryo: An In Vivo Study

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