A Terrorist Suicide Bombing at a Nightclub in Tel Aviv: Analyzing Response to a Nighttime, Weekend, Multi-Casualty Incident

Leiba, Adi; Halpern, Pinchas; Priel, Israel E.; Shamiss, Ari; Koren, Ilan; Kotler, Doron; Blumenfeld, Amir; Laor, Daniel; Bar‐Dayan, Yaron

doi:10.1016/j.jen.2006.03.018

Cited by 22 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…This may be caused by different bomb build and the spread of the soldiers over a larger area than the crowds in open market places, malls or hotels in which suicide bombers detonated themselves 6 – 8 10 – 11 13. In three suicide bomber explosions the prevalence of moderately and severely injured casualties was between 3% and 10%, probably because the suicide bomber was discovered by the security forces before he could approach the crowd and detonated himself far away from it 9 12 15…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A single, improvised "Kassam" rocket explosion can cause a mass casualty incident: a potential threat for future international terrorism?

Schwartz

Ostfeld

Bar‐Dayan

2009

Emergency Medicine Journal

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A single, improvised "Kassam" rocket explosion can cause a mass casualty incident: a potential threat for future international terrorism?

Schwartz

Ostfeld

Bar‐Dayan

2009

Emergency Medicine Journal

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“…EDs are at the forefront of the CBRNe response and serve as the gateway to the most appropriate care of patients 3 . In particular employees within the ED are often considered a subset of first responders in such incidents 4,5 . ED staff are termed 'first receivers' 6 and include doctors, nurses, allied healthcare professionals, and non-clinical staff for initial recognition (receptionists); cordon control (security); and general support (estates/porters) during the CBRNe response 7 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergency Department Response to Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosive Events: A Systematic Review

Razak

Hignett

Barnes

2018

Prehosp. Disaster med.

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IntroductionA Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and explosive (CBRNe) event is an emergency which can result in injury, illness, or loss of life. The emergency department (ED) as a health system is at the forefront of the CBRNe response with staff acting as first receivers. Emergency departments are under-prepared to respond to CBRNe events - recognizing key factors which underlie the ED CBRNe response is crucial to provide evidence-based knowledge to inform policies and, most importantly, clinical practice.ProblemChallenges in detection, decontamination, and diagnosis are associated with the ED CBRNe response when faced with self-presenting patients.MethodsA systematic review was carried out in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). An in-depth search strategy was devised to identify studies which focused on the ED and CBRNe events. The inclusion criteria were stringent in terms of the environment (ED), participants (first receivers), situation (CBRNe response), and actions (detection, decontamination, and diagnosis). Fifteen databases and topic-specific journals were searched. Studies were critically appraised using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). Papers were thematically coded and synthesized using NVivo 10 (QSR International Ltd, Melbourne, Australia).ResultsSixty-seven full-text papers were critically appraised using the MMAT; 70% were included (n = 60) as medium- or high-quality studies. Data were grouped into four themes: preparedness, response, decontamination, and personal protective equipment (PPE) problems.DiscussionThis study has recognized the ED as a system which depends on four key factors - preparedness, response, decontamination, and PPE problems - which highlight challenges, uncertainties, inconsistencies, and obstacles associated with the ED CBRNe response. This review suggests that response planning and preparation should be considered at three levels: organizational (policies and procedures); technological (decontamination, communication, security, clinical care, and treatment); and individual (willingness to respond, PPE, knowledge, and competence). Finally, this study highlighted that there was a void specific to detection and diagnosis of CBRNe exposure on self-presenting patients in the ED.Conclusion:The review identified concerns for both knowledge and behaviors which suggests that a systems approach would help understand the ED response to CBRNe events more effectively. The four themes provide an evidence-based summary for the state of science in ED CBRNe response, which can be used to inform future policies and clinical procedures.RazakS, HignettS, BarnesJ. Emergency department response to chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and explosive events: a systematic review. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2018;33(5):543–549.

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“…Disasters can be either natural or man-made events. The latter can be further segregated into technological (such as train accidents or industrial incidents involving hazardous materials) or inter-human conflicts (such as terrorist attacks, either small-scale regional events or large-scale acts of international terrorism) (2)(3)(4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reports of some of these events have been published (2)(3)(4). This study presents the methodology by which data are collected, analyzed, and reported from the onset of an event and thereafter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DISAST-CIR: Disastrous Incidents Systematic Analysis Through Components, Interactions and Results: Application to a Large-Scale Train Accident

Leiba

Schwartz

Tal-Or³

et al. 2009

The Journal of Emergency Medicine

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A Terrorist Suicide Bombing at a Nightclub in Tel Aviv: Analyzing Response to a Nighttime, Weekend, Multi-Casualty Incident

Cited by 22 publications

References 9 publications

A single, improvised "Kassam" rocket explosion can cause a mass casualty incident: a potential threat for future international terrorism?

A single, improvised "Kassam" rocket explosion can cause a mass casualty incident: a potential threat for future international terrorism?

Emergency Department Response to Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosive Events: A Systematic Review

DISAST-CIR: Disastrous Incidents Systematic Analysis Through Components, Interactions and Results: Application to a Large-Scale Train Accident

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