A template-free synthesis and structural characterization of hierarchically nano-structured lithium-titanium-oxide films

Mani, J. Arul Martin; Katzke, Hannelore; Habouti, S.; Moonoosawmy, Kevin R.; Dietze, Matthias; Es‐Souni, M.

doi:10.1039/c2jm16161c

Cited by 7 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Small amount of this Li2TiO3 impurity is often observed in Li4Ti5O12 powders synthesized by different techniques such as solid state 14 or sol gel methods 15,16 . Table 1.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ Particle Size on the Performance of Lithium Ion Battery Electrodes at High C-Rates and Low Temperatures

et al. 2015

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Two different Li4Ti5O12 materials were investigated: smaller primary particle size forming large secondary particle aggregates (LTO-SP, surface area 22 m 2 /g) and larger primary particle size with less secondary particle aggregates (LTO-LP, surface area 7 m 2 /g). Both samples were synthesized using the same high temperature solid state synthesis but different end processing, resulting in same crystalline structure but different particle morphology. At 0.1C measured discharge capacities were close to the theoretical capacity of Li4Ti5O12 (175 mAh/g) and similar capacities were obtained at low C-rates and room temperature for both LTO-SP and LTO-LP. However, higher capacities were obtained with LTO-SP at high C-rates and -20 °C indicating beneficial effect of small particle size and large surface area. Shapes of the charge/discharge curves were different for LTO-SP and LTO-LP and this is attributed to the large surface area of LTO-SP which affects the electrochemical performance because of different reaction potentials at surface sites vs. bulk.

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“…Small amount of this Li2TiO3 impurity is often observed in Li4Ti5O12 powders synthesized by different techniques such as solid state 14 or sol gel methods 15,16 . Table 1.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ Particle Size on the Performance of Lithium Ion Battery Electrodes at High C-Rates and Low Temperatures

et al. 2015

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“…The higher frequency band at 675 cm À1 was assigned to vibrations of Ti-O stretching vibrations in TiO 6 octahedra whereas the 420 and 340 cm À1 Raman lines were assigned to the stretching vibrations of the Li-O bonds in LiO 4 and LiO 6 polyhedra, respectively [40][41][42]. The Raman bands below 300 cm À1 were attributed to the bending vibrations of O-Li-O bonds (225 cm À1 ) and O-Ti-O bonds (272 cm À1 ) [43,44]. Julien et al [40] reported also the Raman spectra of Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 that was found to display bands at 671,430, 347, 271, and 232 cm À1 which were tentatively assigned to the five expected A1 g, F2 g, and Eg symmetry species for the spinel Oh 7 spectroscopic point symmetry group.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Li4Ti5O12 thin-film electrodes by in-situ synthesis of lithium alkoxide for Li-ion microbatteries

Mosa

Aparicio

Tadanaga

et al. 2014

Electrochimica Acta

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Rechargeable thin-film batteries have recently become the topic of widespread research for use as efficient energy storage devices. Spinel Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 has been considered as one of the most prospective anode materials for Li-ion batteries because of its excellent reversibility and long cycle life. We report here the sol-gel synthesis and coating preparation of spinel thin-film Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 electrodes for Li-ion microbatteries using lithium ethoxide produced in situ that reacts with titanium alkoxide to produce the precursor solution without particle precipitation. This synthesis procedure reduces the thermal treatment to obtain a pure phase at only 700 C and 15 minutes. The physical and structural characterization of the 300 nm Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 coatings shows a very homogeneous distribution of elements and a pure spinel phase. Galvanostatic discharge-charge tests indicate maximum discharge capacities of 152 mA h g À1 when the material is treated at 700 C for 15 minutes.

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“…In such conditions, the hydrolyzed titanium species can condense into small oligomeric units [20], which could be responsible for the imperfect cationic homogeneity in the dip coated film. It should however be emphasized that the films studied here have a better homogeneity than usually encountered in sol-gel syntheses of lithium titanate, where strong reflections of TiO 2 anatase appear first and lithium titanate is formed only at higher temperatures (see [29] for a recent example).…”

Section: Inorganic Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lithium transition metal (Ti, Nb, V) oxide mesoporous thin films: Contrasting results when attempting direct synthesis by evaporation-induced self assembly

Caes

Malherbe

Arrebola

et al. 2013

Microporous and Mesoporous Materials

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This work investigates the possibility to prepare mesoporous thin films of Li-Ti, Li-Nb, LiNb-V and Li-V oxides through a direct sol-gel EISA route by dissolving a lithium salt in the precursor solution. Experimental conditions involve a hydrolysis molar ratio H 2 O/TM ~10 (TM = Ti,Nb,V) and the common Pluronic structuring agent P123 (EO 20 -PO 70 -EO 20 ). Systematic formation of lithium-containing oxides as first-crystallizing phases points to a significant intermixture of lithium and transition metal ions in the inorganic network. In the case of Ti-based and Nb-based oxide films, addition of lithium to the precursor solution is compatible with the formation of amorphous mesoporous films at 350°C. On the contrary, addition of lithium has a detrimental effect on the notoriously difficult formation of vanadium-based mesostructured films: even when replacing half of the vanadium by niobium as a stabilizer, formation of mesostructured films has not been possible in the investigated range of experimental conditions.

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A template-free synthesis and structural characterization of hierarchically nano-structured lithium-titanium-oxide films

Cited by 7 publications

References 46 publications

Effect of Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ Particle Size on the Performance of Lithium Ion Battery Electrodes at High C-Rates and Low Temperatures

Effect of Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ Particle Size on the Performance of Lithium Ion Battery Electrodes at High C-Rates and Low Temperatures

Li4Ti5O12 thin-film electrodes by in-situ synthesis of lithium alkoxide for Li-ion microbatteries

Lithium transition metal (Ti, Nb, V) oxide mesoporous thin films: Contrasting results when attempting direct synthesis by evaporation-induced self assembly

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A template-free synthesis and structural characterization of hierarchically nano-structured lithium-titanium-oxide films

Cited by 7 publications

References 46 publications

Effect of Li4Ti5O12 Particle Size on the Performance of Lithium Ion Battery Electrodes at High C-Rates and Low Temperatures

Effect of Li4Ti5O12 Particle Size on the Performance of Lithium Ion Battery Electrodes at High C-Rates and Low Temperatures

Li4Ti5O12 thin-film electrodes by in-situ synthesis of lithium alkoxide for Li-ion microbatteries

Lithium transition metal (Ti, Nb, V) oxide mesoporous thin films: Contrasting results when attempting direct synthesis by evaporation-induced self assembly

Contact Info

Product

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Effect of Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ Particle Size on the Performance of Lithium Ion Battery Electrodes at High C-Rates and Low Temperatures

Effect of Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ Particle Size on the Performance of Lithium Ion Battery Electrodes at High C-Rates and Low Temperatures