γ-LiV2O5 and α-V2O5 mesoporous thin films are prepared by a soft-templating route to compare the electrochemical performances of as-synthesized LiV2O5 with the in situ electrochemical intercalation of lithium ions in α-V2O5.
This work investigates the possibility to prepare mesoporous thin films of Li-Ti, Li-Nb, LiNb-V and Li-V oxides through a direct sol-gel EISA route by dissolving a lithium salt in the precursor solution. Experimental conditions involve a hydrolysis molar ratio H 2 O/TM ~10 (TM = Ti,Nb,V) and the common Pluronic structuring agent P123 (EO 20 -PO 70 -EO 20 ). Systematic formation of lithium-containing oxides as first-crystallizing phases points to a significant intermixture of lithium and transition metal ions in the inorganic network. In the case of Ti-based and Nb-based oxide films, addition of lithium to the precursor solution is compatible with the formation of amorphous mesoporous films at 350°C. On the contrary, addition of lithium has a detrimental effect on the notoriously difficult formation of vanadium-based mesostructured films: even when replacing half of the vanadium by niobium as a stabilizer, formation of mesostructured films has not been possible in the investigated range of experimental conditions.
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