A TECHNIQUE FOR MEASURING SCOUR AND FILL OF SALMON SPAWNING RIFFLES IN HEADWATER STREAMS¹

Abstract

A 30 x 0.9 cm piece of steel rod bent in the shape of an “L” and attached by hose clamps to a 15 x 3.2 cm section of plastic pipe sliding on an 86 x 1.9 cm steel shaft was tested for use in measuring scour and fill of salmon spawning riffles. Installed along channel cross‐sections, results of tests at four sites on two hydraulically different streams showed the device to be useful in monitoring event specific scour and fill. Measurement error was estimated to be ± 10 mm.

Comparison of abundance and habitat usage for common bottlenose dolphins between sites exposed to differential anthropogenic stressors within the estuaries of southern Georgia, U.S.A

“…SSO has been used to quantitatively describe habitat use of invertebrate, amphibian, bird, fish, and mammal species ( e.g., Duncan and Ward , Manel et al . , Waite et al .…”

“…SSO has been used to quantitatively describe habitat use of invertebrate, amphibian, bird, fish, and mammal species (e.g., Duncan and Ward 1985, Manel et al 1999, Waite et al 2004, Hartman and Tornlov 2006. This technique has not previously been used to quantify habitat use for marine mammals.…”

Protecting sediment-sensitive aquatic species in mountain streams through the application of biologically based streambed sediment criteria

“…A moratorium on logging in the South Fork Salmon River Basin resulted in a considerable decrease in fine tiiment levels in spawning gravels (Platts et al 1989). Basin geology is another factor that can affect the amount of fine sediment in streambed gravels (Duncan and Ward 1985) and different basins often have different substrate compositions ( Figure 10). …”

Field techniques for measuring bedrock erosion and denudation

“…The erosion bolt method has been modified to obtain additional information, and also to obtain better temporal resolution of erosion rates. Duncan and Ward () added a slider to their bolt, which moved downwards with the eroding surface, but was buried when deposition occurred. By digging out the device after an event, the maximum depth of scour and the subsequent depth of deposition can be obtained.…”