A Technical, Economic and Environmental Assessment of Amine-Based Co2 Capture Technology for Power Plant Greenhouse Gas Control

Abstract

Capture and sequestration of CO 2 from fossil fuel power plants is gaining widespread interest as a potential method of controlling greenhouse gas emissions. Performance and cost models of an amine (MEA)-based CO 2 absorption system for post-combustion flue gas applications have been developed, and integrated with an existing power plant modeling framework that includes multipollutant control technologies for other regulated emissions. The integrated model has been applied to study the feasibility and cost of carbon capture and sequestration at both new and existing coal-burning power plants. The cost of carbon avoidance was shown to depend strongly on assumptions about the reference plant design, details of the CO 2 capture system design, interactions with other pollution control systems, and method of CO 2 storage. The CO 2 avoidance cost for retrofit systems was found to be generally higher than for new plants, mainly because of the higher energy penalty resulting from less efficient heat integration, as well as sitespecific difficulties typically encountered in retrofit applications. For all cases, a small reduction in CO 2 capture cost was afforded by the SO 2 emission trading credits generated by amine-based capture systems. Efforts are underway to model a broader suite of carbon capture and sequestration technologies for more comprehensive assessments in the context of multi-pollutant environmental management. DOE/DE-FC26-00NT40935 i AcknowledgmentsThis report is an account of research sponsored by the

Efficiency of CO2 Dissociation in a Radio-Frequency Discharge

“…Energy efficiency, g, is defined in (3) where DH is the dissociation enthalpy given as 2.9 eV/mol for CO 2 from (1) and E CO is the actual energy cost of one CO molecule in the system. The actual energy cost can be calculated by taking E CO = E v /a, where E v is the specific energy input in units of eV/mol and a is the conversion efficiency in units of percentage.…”

“…Given that the atmospheric concentrations of CO 2 have risen about 36% since the industrial revolution, the earth's carbon cycle has become unbalanced and unable to compensate for the extra anthropogenic CO 2 emissions, resulting in climate change [1]. Several solutions have been proposed to mitigate the environmental effects of rising CO 2 emissions through both government policy and scientific innovation [2][3][4][5]. In particular, plasma-assisted CO 2 dissociation is receiving attention for its ability to use electron impact collisions as an unconventional catalyst for the reduction of CO 2 .…”

Exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental evaluation of power plants including CO2 capture

“…The structural differences in the plant with post-combustion capture compared to the reference plant without CO 2 capture are the absorption unit added at the outlet of the exhaust gases, the steam extraction used to produce the required thermal energy for complete regeneration of the chemical solvent and the steam turbine added to drive the CO 2 compressors. Computational calculations are based on Rubin and Rao (2002). Solvent losses of the plant with post-combustion, represented by the lean sorbent CO 2 loading, have been varied from 0.0-0.3 mol CO 2 /mol MEA.…”

“…The cost of avoided CO 2 capture shows the added cost of electricity per ton of avoided CO 2 based on net plant capacity (Rubin and Rao, 2002). Although the COE of the plant with MEA is comparable to that of the oxy-fuel concepts, a difference in the energy penalty of the plants is revealed by the cost of avoided CO 2 .…”

Economic analysis of amine based carbon dioxide capture system with bi-pressure stripper in supercritical coal-fired power plant

“…Some other outstanding studied (Aroonwilas and Veawab, 2007;Galindo et al, 2009;Alie, 2004) explored optimization of process parameters, including CO 2 loading in lean solutions, CO 2 capture rate, type of coal, stripper height, flue gas delivery scheme, type of amine and steam extraction pressure et al These optimization works are effective in reducing CO 2 capture costs. Integration of amine based carbon dioxide capture system into coal-fired power plant has also been studied in term of both cost and engineering aspects (NETL, 2007;Rao et al, 2004;Rubin and Rao, 2002;Romeo et al, 2008a,b;Sanpasertparnich et al, 2010).…”