A taxonomy of the parameters used by decision methods for adaptive video transmission

Abstract

International audienceNowadays, video data transfers account for much of the Internet traffic and a huge number of users use this service on a daily base. Even if videos are usually stored in several bitrates on servers, the video sending rate does not take into account network conditions which are changing dynamically during transmission. Therefore, the best bitrate is not used which causes sub-optimal video quality when the video bitrate is under the available bandwidth or packet loss when it is over it. One solution is to deploy adaptive video, which adapts video parameters such as bitrate or frame resolution to network conditions. Many ideas are proposed in the literature, yet no paper provides a global view on adaptation methods in order to classify them. This article fills this gap by discussing several adaptation methods through a taxonomy of the parameters used for adaptation. We show that, in the research community, the sender generally takes the decision of adaptation whereas in the solutions supported by major current companies the receiver takes this decision. We notably suggest, without evaluation, a valuable and realistic adaptation method, gathering the advantages of the presented methods

Video Traffic Characteristics of Modern Encoding Standards: H.264/AVC with SVC and MVC Extensions and H.265/HEVC

“…There are many important research directions on communications and networking mechanisms for efficiently accommodating video streams encoded with modern encoding standards. The pronounced traffic variabilities of the modern video coding standards requires careful research on adaptive transmission with buffering/smoothing [ 74 – 80 ] as well as traffic modeling [ 81 ] and transport mechanisms. For instance, metro/access networks [ 82 – 85 ] that multiplex relatively few video streams may require specialized protocols for video transport [ 86 – 89 ].…”

Performance evaluation of TcpHas: TCP for HTTP adaptive streaming

“…This is usually done by adapting the video to the available bandwidth. Numerous adaptation methods have been proposed in the literature and by major companies, and their differences mainly rely on the entity that does the adaptation (client or server), the variable used for adaptation (the network or sender or client buffers), and the protocols used; the major companies having finally opted for HTTP [16].…”

TcpHas: TCP for HTTP adaptive streaming

“…This is usually done by adapting the video to the available bandwidth. Numerous adaptation methods have been proposed in the literature and by major companies, and their differences mainly rely on the entity that does the adaptation (client or server), the parameter used for adaptation (the network or sender or client buffers), and the protocols used; the major companies having finally opted for HTTP [2].…”