A taxonomic synopsis of Brazilian Chloraeinae (Orchidaceae: Orchidoideae)

Abstract

A taxonomic synopsis of Brazilian Chloraeinae (Orchidaceae) is presented. Artificial keys to separate the genera and species are included. Vegetative and floral features of all species are described and illustrated with drawings and photographs, and data on their distribution, phenology and ecology are presented. Two lectotypes and one neotype are proposed. The presence of Bipinnula biplumata, B. montana, B. penicillata and Chloraea membranacea in Brazil is confirmed, and Bipinnula gibertii is reported for the first time from this country.

The genus Bipinnula (Orchidaceae: Chloraeinae) in Argentina

“…The distributional center of the oriental species is Uruguay, where all species occur (Izaguirre , Schinini et al ). Some species extend north to southern Brazil, reaching Paraná State (Buzatto et al ), while some species extend south, reaching the southern tip of the Buenos Aires Province (this study).…”

“…Vegetative and floral features were recorded from living specimens with the help of a digital camera. Data from pressed specimens and from their respective protologues and relevant literature (Correa , , Izaguirre , Correa and Sánchez , Buzatto et al ) was also taken into account. Most of our own collections consist of inflorescences and a few leaves such that collection impact was minimized and orchid individuals were preserved.…”

“…In this contribution we follow the circumscription of Chloraeinae adopted by Chemisquy and Morrone () and Cisternas et al (), which is strongly supported by phylogenetic analyses based on molecular characters. The various earlier interpretations of the delimitation of Chloraeinae have been summarized by Buzatto et al () and Chemisquy and Morrone ().…”

“…This orchid subtribe dwells principally in the South‐American Andes, from Tierra del Fuego and insular territories of the southern Atlantic to Peru (Correa and Sánchez ). However, nine species differ from this general distribution pattern and occur outside the Andes, in southern Brazil and nearby parts of Uruguay and Argentina (Buzatto et al ). In this contribution we follow the circumscription of Chloraeinae adopted by Chemisquy and Morrone () and Cisternas et al (), which is strongly supported by phylogenetic analyses based on molecular characters.…”

Taxonomic notes on Lyroglossa and Pteroglossa (Orchidaceae: Spiranthinae): two new generic records for the flora of Rio Grande do Sul

“…In addition, an artificial key of the genera currently placed into the "Stenorrhynchos Clade" that are native to Rio Grande do Sul Brazilian State is provided. This paper is part of a series of taxonomic studies on the Orchidaceae native to Rio Grande do Sul (Buzatto et al 2012(Buzatto et al , 2014. BM, CEN, CTES, F, G, GH, HAS, HB, HBG, HEPH, HUEFS, IBGE, ICN, INPA, IPA, K, K-L, M, MBM, NY, P, PACA, PEL, R, RB, S, SP, UB, UEC, VIC and W -acronyms according to Thiers 2009) and relevant literature to Orchidaceae (Cogniaux 1895, 1906, Dressler 1993, Salazar 2003.…”