A tale of two Italies: ‘access-orders’ and the Italian regional divide

Martino, Paolo Di; Felice, Emanuele; Vasta, Michelangelo

doi:10.1080/03585522.2019.1631882

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Our results show the positive effects of the infrastructure policy on the country as a whole and specifically contradict de Oliveira and Guerriero, who maintain that railways did not shape the VA of the manufacturing sector, and hence industrialization. In contrast, our results are in line with Di Martino, Felice, and Vasta (2020) who claim that industrialization policies were more effective in areas that showed some prerequisites (in our case an already existing rail network).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Railways and manufacturing productivity in Italy after unification

Pontarollo

Ricciuti

2020

Journal of Regional Science

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This paper contributes to the debate on the effects of transport infrastructure endowment on productivity by adding a historical perspective. This allows us to address the issue in a proving ground where the effects of the existing stock of infrastructure are negligible. At the time of unification, the Kingdom of Italy initiated a large infrastructure project to build railways. We find that railways had a positive effect on manufacturing productivity over the period 1871–1911. Railways also had strong spillover effects in neighboring provinces so that provinces that started with a higher endowment of railways benefited more than those who were newly endowed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Railways and manufacturing productivity in Italy after unification

Pontarollo

Ricciuti

2020

Journal of Regional Science

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“…Crowding out the change: business networks and persisting… more concrete measures of human and social capital, considered as crucial for economic growth. In this strand of interpretation, the north results persistently ahead of the south in various social indicators like social capital (Felice 2018), access order (Di Martino et al 2019), life expectancy, height, nutrition (Vecchi 2017), a composite human development index (HDI) (Felice and Vasta 2015) and above all in terms of literacy rates, for which the south largely lagged behind from before Unification (Ciccarelli and Weisdorf 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crowding out the change: business networks and persisting economic elites in the South of Italy over Unification (1840–1880)

2020

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In this article, we study the effect of the Unification on the network power of economic elites in the South of Italy. We study the persistence of economic elites as evidence of the stability of the institutional set up beyond the effect of Unification, and thus as a primary explaining factor of the persistence of social forces slowing and opposing modernization. We use original archival data on the universe of Naples enterprises to build the networks of business relations between individual economic actors for the 20-year period immediately before and after Unification. The persistence of network power and its determinants is tested via a difference-in-difference model. The main finding is that economic elites persist over Unification. The long-term business relations, rooted in the Bourbon period, the persisting lobbying power of the financial industry, the close collusive ties with potential foreign competitors and the closeness to politics after 1861 are all elements that explain how the Southern economic elites were able to crowd-out the change.

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“…However, the data obtained by the platform are representative of the labour force in general, with the increased gender gap observed in the Southern part of Italy [6] and the more senior roles having higher male estimates in leadership positions [47]. This aligns with broader known sociodemographic inequalities in Italy [4,31]. The digitalisation rate reported by ISTAT impacts the representativeness of the workforce in an imbalanced manner, with women needing to be more represented in Southern Italy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Its geographical divide is an unsolved theme with a broad literature. The challenge is understanding whether gender gaps in the workplace, known from traditional survey data [5,6,10,21,31], are reflected in the data obtained through the LinkedIn social media platform. Italy is the third largest economy in the European Union [14], and although in the last years, significant progress has been made in reducing gender inequalities in the labour market, they persist in being tightly woven into the social fabric.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring Gender Gaps via LinkedIn Advertising Estimates: the case study of Italy

Margherita

Kalimeri

Paolotti

2023

Proceedings of the 15th ACM Web Science Conference 2023

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Women remain underrepresented in the labour market. Although significant advancements are being made to increase female participation in the workforce, the gender gap is still far from being bridged. We contribute to the growing literature on gender inequalities in the labour market, evaluating the potential of the LinkedIn estimates to monitor the evolution of the gender gaps sustainably, complementing the official data sources. In particular, assessing the labour market patterns at a subnational level in Italy. Our findings show that the LinkedIn estimates accurately capture the gender disparities in Italy regarding sociodemographic attributes such as gender, age, geographic location, seniority, and industry category. At the same time, we assess data biases such as the digitalisation gap, which impacts the representativity of the workforce in an imbalanced manner, confirming that women are under-represented in Southern Italy. Additionally to confirming the gender disparities to the official census, LinkedIn estimates are a valuable tool to provide dynamic insights; we showed an immigration flow of highly skilled women, predominantly from the South. Digital surveillance of gender inequalities with detailed and timely data is particularly significant to enable policymakers to tailor impactful campaigns.

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A tale of two Italies: ‘access-orders’ and the Italian regional divide

Cited by 12 publications

References 45 publications

Railways and manufacturing productivity in Italy after unification

Railways and manufacturing productivity in Italy after unification

Crowding out the change: business networks and persisting economic elites in the South of Italy over Unification (1840–1880)

Monitoring Gender Gaps via LinkedIn Advertising Estimates: the case study of Italy

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