A systems approach to traditional oriental medicine

Kim, Hyun Uk; Ryu, Jae Yong; Lee, Jong Ok; Lee, Sang Yup

doi:10.1038/nbt.3167

Cited by 101 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Our knowledge of the use of herbal medicine has grown empirically over several millennia through experience and folklore, but the products are often indicated for the treatment of a wide variety of seemingly unrelated symptoms, without reference to a mechanism of action or the effects on an underlying disease-causing mechanism52. With the development of modern technology, it has become possible to determine the pharmacology and mechanisms of action of many Chinese herbs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rhein and rhubarb similarly protect the blood-brain barrier after experimental traumatic brain injury via gp91phox subunit of NADPH oxidase/ROS/ERK/MMP-9 signaling pathway

Wang

Fan

Tang

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Oxidative stress chiefly contributes to the disruption of the BBB following traumatic brain injury (TBI). The Chinese herbal medicine rhubarb is a promising antioxidant in treating TBI. Here we performed in vivo and in vitro experiments to determine whether rhubarb and its absorbed bioactive compound protected the BBB after TBI by increasing ZO-1 expression through inhibition of gp91phox subunit of NADPH oxidase/ROS/ERK/MMP-9 pathway. Rats were subjected to the controlled cortical impact (CCI) model, and primary rat cortical astrocytes were exposed to scratch-wound model. The liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry method showed that rhein was the compound absorbed in the brains of CCI rats after rhubarb administration. The wet-dry weights and Evans blue measurements revealed that rhubarb and rhein ameliorated BBB damage and brain edema in CCI rats. Western blots showed that rhubarb and rhein downregulated GFAP in vitro. RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, Western blot and dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate analysis indicated that rhubarb prevented activation of gp91phox subunit of NADPH oxidase induced ROS production, subsequently inhibited ERK/MMP-9 pathway in vivo and in vitro. Interestingly, rhein and rhubarb similarly protected the BBB by inhibiting this signaling cascade. The results provide a novel herbal medicine to protect BBB following TBI via an antioxidative molecular mechanism.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rhein and rhubarb similarly protect the blood-brain barrier after experimental traumatic brain injury via gp91phox subunit of NADPH oxidase/ROS/ERK/MMP-9 signaling pathway

Wang

Fan

Tang

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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“…Unlike modern drugs, which contain a single active component, traditional oriental medicines consist of multiple components and are based on a multi-target approach (72). The fermentation process converts the components of traditional oriental medicines into active metabolites, hence it enhances their biological activity and improves nutrient absorption (72). Fermentation also reduces the toxicity of traditional oriental medicines.…”

Section: The Effects Of Fermented Foods On Cognitive Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Fermented Foods with Beneficial Effects on Brain and Cognitive Function

Kim

Hong

Yang

et al. 2016

JFN

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Around the world, fermentation of foods has been adopted over many generations, primarily due to their commercial significance with enriched flavors and high-profile nutrients. The increasing application of fermented foods is further promoted by recent evidence on their health benefits, beyond the traditionally recognized effects on the digestive system. With recent advances in the understanding of gut-brain interactions, there have also been reports suggesting the fermented food’s efficacy, particularly for cognitive function improvements. These results are strengthened by the proposed biological effects of fermented foods, including neuroprotection against neurotoxicity and reactive oxygen species. This paper reviews the beneficial health effects of fermented foods with particular emphasis on cognitive enhancement and neuroprotective effects. With an extensive review of fermented foods and their potential cognitive benefits, this paper may promote commercially feasible applications of fermented foods as natural remedies to cognitive problems.

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“…Herbal medicine 중 한약은 한의학 고유의 복합투여 이론인 군신좌사 이론으로 배합된 다. 최근의 연구 17) 에서는 구조유사도 분석법으로 한약의 다 중성분이 시너지 효과를 통해 약효를 발휘한다는 것을 밝 혀내 복합투여의 중요성을 강조하였다. 비만에 대한 연구 들 중에서도 효과를 증대 18,19) 시키고 부작용을 줄이기 위한 .…”

Section: 서론unclassified

A Review of Combination Effects and Adverse Effects of Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) on the Treatment of Obesity

Ahn

Lee

et al. 2016

The Acupuncture

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A systems approach to traditional oriental medicine

Cited by 101 publications

References 37 publications

Rhein and rhubarb similarly protect the blood-brain barrier after experimental traumatic brain injury via gp91phox subunit of NADPH oxidase/ROS/ERK/MMP-9 signaling pathway

Rhein and rhubarb similarly protect the blood-brain barrier after experimental traumatic brain injury via gp91phox subunit of NADPH oxidase/ROS/ERK/MMP-9 signaling pathway

A Review of Fermented Foods with Beneficial Effects on Brain and Cognitive Function

A Review of Combination Effects and Adverse Effects of Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) on the Treatment of Obesity

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