A systematic synthesis of expert opinion on effective policies to tackle bacterial resistance worldwide

Abstract

Actions that are taken to preserve effective antibacterial agents and eliminate transmission of resistant organisms are crucial to prevent a catastrophic postantibiotic era. In this systematic review, we searched and appraised relevant texts and expert opinions to determine effective strategies to tackle bacterial resistance worldwide.We considered expert opinions, consensus, current discourses, comments, assumptions or assertions and discussion papers published in English. We searched following databases for expert opinion-based literature: MEDLINE, CINAHL, ISI Web of Knowledge, SCOPUS, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and World Health Organization (WHO). We extracted the textual data from texts using a standardised data extraction tool. Textual pooling was not possible, so the conclusions were presented in a narrative form. Eighteen texts were included in this review. The findings show that, the most repeated policies and strategies include implementing and strengthening bacterial resistance surveillance, developing national guidelines, improving public awareness; enhancing home and everyday life hygiene; improving prescribing patterns, improving laboratories capacity, promoting innovation and research in new drugs and technology and strengthening coordination. This review systematically gathered strategies that were recommended by textual publications. To our knowledge, this was the first systematic review of text and opinion in the field of bacterial resistance. These results can be used by policymakers, hospital managers, and governments, alongside the results of quantitative and qualitative systematic reviews.

Public Patterns and Determinants of Antibiotic Self-Medication and Antibiotic Knowledge in Southern Jordan

“…Following the widespread usage of non-prescribed antibiotics, bacteria are becoming increasingly resistant to several types of conventional antibiotics [10]. This bacterial resistance exemplifies one of the most threatening and challenging health problems in recent times, [11,12] and developing countries are greatly affected by multidrug-resistant bacteria. For example, in 2013, the number of infections with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis skyrocketed in those countries to approximately 480,000 cases [13].…”