A Systematic Review on Enzyme Extraction from Organic Wastes and its Application

Abstract

Eco-enzymes or Garbage enzymes have emerged as a solution to managing organic wastes. These organic wastes containing carbon compounds are discharged from houses that ultimately end up in landfills. Eco-enzymes or Garbage enzymes are mainly concerned with the enzymes produced from the anaerobic fermentation of fresh vegetables or fruit wastes. The longer the fermentation period, the better its efficiency. This review is carried out with the intention of bringing forth all the enzymes isolated so far from household organic wastes and their various applications, including the microorganisms involved in the process. Production of Ecoenzymes or Garbage enzymes is very straightforward. It requires fresh vegetable and/or fruit wastes, a sugar source in the form of jaggery, molasses or brown sugar, water, and airtight plastic containers. These are mixed in a 3:1:10 ratio respectively and kept for three months, whereby through anaerobic fermentation, the wastes get converted to enzymes. After three months, this organic liquid loaded with hydrolytic enzymes can be used in a wide variety of ways. Applying Eco-enzymes or Garbage enzymes includes treating wastewater sludge as a potent disinfectant and fertilizer, antibacterial agent in endodontic treatments, and hand sanitizer. These bio-enzymes are a one-stop solution to managing many issues. From being a disinfectant and biofertilizer to having great potential in cleaning waste water while reducing the need for landfills that releases methane gases which play a significant role in global warming, it is a multipurpose liquid.

Effectiveness of eco enzyme liquid on the growth of Catfish (Pangasius djambal) raised in peat soil fish ponds

“…Eco enzymes are created through the fermentation of organic matter [1,2], specifically leftover peels from fruits and vegetables [3,4,5]. These eco enzymes can be produced by individuals or communities.…”

Eco-enzyme as disinfectant: a systematic literature review

“…The waste around us has become a public concern. Reducing a large amount of organic waste is possible by transforming it into an eco-enzyme [10]. This defines the aim of this paper, which is to compile results from previous studies on fruit waste by systematically reviewing empirical studies on household waste practices to develop an eco-enzyme.…”

“…The eco-enzyme is also infused with aromatherapy essential oil for fragrance since not all fermented eco-enzymes smell pleasant. The addition of essential oil enhances the freshness and significantly decreases the acidic smell of the eco-enzyme from producing acetic acid and alcohol [10].…”

“…Acetic acid as inhalation medication against airborne pathogenic is a common folk remedy in Italy by diluting vinegar into boiling water and inhaling it [37]. The result of eco-enzyme with a ratio of molasses, organic waste, and water being 1:3:10 before adding essential oil and high-water dilution on pathogenic microbe analyses by the Health Laboratory of Semarang shows that eco-enzyme as the aseptic aerosol spray is effective due to its biocidal effect could reduce the total viable count of the pathogen from 61% to 38% just in an hour [10]. Mubarok et al [23] also reported that a high concentration of orange peel in total organic waste for the production of eco-enzyme would contribute to the increase of specific biocidal flavonoid formation called hesperidin that could act as antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, cell aggregation inhibition, and even UV protecting activity.…”

Pembuatan dan Pemanfaatan Larutan Multiguna Eco Enzyme sebagai Upaya Reduksi Limbah Organik di Kampoeng Kuliner Makassar

“…Inovasi pengolahan limbah kulit buah dan sayur menjadi eco enzyme adalah salah satu solusi yang sesuai untuk diterapkan di KKM; karena dengan satu produk yaitu eco enzyme dapat mengatasi beberapa masalah sekaligus. Pembuatan eco enzyme akan memberi dampak positif yaitu berkurangnya volume sampah organik yang dibuang ke TPS maupun TPA, serta akan menyehatkan lingkungan (Barman et al, 2022;Maharani & Dewi, 2022). Pemanfaatan larutan multiguna eco enzyme sebagai bahan pengganti produk pembersih kimiawi, antara lain pelarut lemak di saluran pembuangan, pembersih kaca, pembersih lantai, pembersih kamar mandi dan kloset, dan lain-lain (Vama & Cherekar, 2020), akan menurunkan biaya operasional pembelian produk tersebut, serta mengurangi produksi limbah anorganik berupa plastik kemasannya.…”