A systematic review on distribution and antifungal resistance pattern of <i>Candida</i> species in the Indian population

Verma, Rashi; Pradhan, Dibyabhaba; Hasan, Ziaul; Singh, Harpreet; Jain, Arun Kumar; Khan, Luqman Ahmad

doi:10.1093/mmy/myab058

Cited by 10 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…Apart from this, catheterization, mechanical ventilation, elderly patients, empirical antifungal therapy, and surgeries are secondary risk factors [ 21 , 26 , 27 , 29–37 , 94 , 101 ]. The risk factors reported in the present study are comparable to the findings of other studies [ 105 , 61 , 121 , 122 ]. The health care workers need special attention to hand washing or decontamination and provide an aseptic environment to minimize the horizontal transmission of candidiasis in the hospital.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…This drift contrasts with many European countries and North America, where the C. glabrata is more prevalent among the non- C. albicans isolates [ 104 ]. However, a similar trend of Candida species prevalence resembling our study was also reported in India, Nigeria, and Cameroon [ 105 ]. Among the infection types, a high proportion of C. albicans was associated with VVC.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Distribution and antifungal susceptibility pattern ofCandidaspecies from mainland China: A systematic analysis

et al. 2022

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Antifungal resistance to Candida pathogens increases morbidity and mortality of immunosuppressive patients, an emerging crisis worldwide. Understanding the Candida prevalence and antifungal susceptibility pattern is necessary to control and treat candidiasis. We aimed to systematically analyse the susceptibility profiles of Candida species published in the last ten years (December 2011 to December 2021) from mainland China. The studies were collected from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct search engines. Out of 89 included studies, a total of 44,716 Candida isolates were collected, mainly comprising C. albicans (49.36%), C. tropicalis (21.89%), C. parapsilosis (13.92%), and C. glabrata (11.37%). The lowest susceptibility was detected for azole group; fluconazole susceptibilities against C. parapsilosis, C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. tropicalis, C. guilliermondii, C. pelliculosa , and C. auris were 93.25%, 91.6%, 79.4%, 77.95%, 76%, 50%, and 0% respectively. Amphotericin B and anidulafungin were the most susceptible drugs for all Candida species. Resistance to azole was mainly linked with mutations in ERG11, ERG3, ERG4, MRR1–2, MSH-2 , and PDR-1 genes. Mutation in FKS-1 and FKS-2 in C. auris and C. glabrata causing resistance to echinocandins was stated in two studies. Gaps in the studies’ characteristics were detected, such as 79.77%, 47.19 %, 26.97%, 7.86%, and 4.49% studies did not mention the mortality rates, age, gender, breakpoint reference guidelines, and fungal identification method, respectively. The current study demonstrates the overall antifungal susceptibility pattern of Candida species, gaps in surveillance studies and risk-reduction strategies that could be supportive in candidiasis therapy and for the researchers in their future studies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Distribution and antifungal susceptibility pattern ofCandidaspecies from mainland China: A systematic analysis

et al. 2022

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“…In the present study, the C. glabrata was detected in 18 cases, the highest among non-C. albicans species. This differs from the studies reported in Cameroon, Nigeria, and India, where C. tropicalis are more prevalent than C. glabrata (Verma et al, 2021). However, a similar drift was observed in North America and many European countries (Song et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 87%

Antifungal susceptibility pattern of Candida isolated from cutaneous candidiasis patients in eastern Guangdong region: A retrospective study of the past 10 years

Bilal

Hou²,

Shafiq

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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Cutaneous candidiasis is one of the most prevalent mycotic infections caused by Candida species. The severity of infection mounts faster when the species shows antifungal resistance. In the current retrospective study, we aimed to analyze the occurrence, causes of cutaneous candidiasis, and antifungal susceptibility pattern of Candida isolates from Skin and Venereal Diseases Prevention and Control Hospital of Shantou, located in eastern Guangdong, China. The laboratory data of all patients (n = 3,113) suffering from various skin and venereal infections during January 2012 to December 2021 was analyzed through Excel and GraphPad prism. Our analysis indicate that cutaneous candidiasis was 22.29% (n = 694), of which 78.53% (n = 554) of patients were males and 21.47% (n = 149) of patients were females. The median age of patients with cutaneous candidiasis was 38-year [interquartile range (30–48)]. Most cases occurred in the adult age group (19–50 years). Regarding the species type, the Candida albicans were prominently detected (n = 664, 95.68%), while non-C. albicans were found only in 30 (4.32%) patients, which were C. glabrata (n = 18), C. krusei (n = 8), C. tropicalis (n = 3), and C. parapsilosis (n = 1). The C. albicans susceptibility rate for terbinafine, miconazole, voriconazole, itraconazole, fluconazole, ketoconazole, nystatin, 5-flucytosine and amphotericin B were 10.83, 29.32, 59.39, 78.53, 85.28, 87.75, 99.59, 99.41, and 100%, respectively. Finally, all C. glabrata isolates were found susceptible to all tested azole drugs with exception to miconazole against which 8.33% of isolates showed resistance. The findings of this study will help healthcare officials to establish better antifungal stewardship in the region.

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“…They may be of particular interest in some areas, such as South Asia, where the rate of fluconazole resistance is particularly high due to the high prevalence of C. auris and the increasing rate of fluconazole-resistant C. tropicalis . 9 , 10 , 16 …”

Section: The Place Of Novel Antifungal Agents In the Prevention And T...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Therapeutic Approaches to Invasive Candidiasis: Considerations for the Clinician

Lamoth¹

2023

IDR

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Invasive candidiasis (IC), due to the yeast pathogen Candida , is still a major cause of in-hospital morbidity and mortality. The limited number of antifungal drug classes and the emergence of multi-resistant Candida species, such as Candida auris and some Candida glabrata isolates, is concerning. However, recent advances in antifungal drug development provide promising perspectives for the therapeutic approach of IC. Notably, three novel antifungal agents, currently in Phase II/III clinical trials, are expected to have an important place for the treatment of IC in the future. Rezafungin is a novel echinocandin with prolonged half-life. Ibrexafungerp and fosmanogepix are two first-in-class antifungal drugs with broad spectrum activity against Candida spp., including C. auris and echinocandin-resistant species. These novel antifungal agents also represent interesting alternative options because of their acceptable oral bioavailability (ibrexafungerp and fosmanogepix) or their large interdose interval (once weekly intravenous administration for rezafungin) for prolonged and/or outpatient treatment of complicated IC. This review discusses the potential place of these novel antifungal drugs for the treatment of IC considering their pharmacologic properties and their preclinical and clinical data.

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A systematic review on distribution and antifungal resistance pattern of Candida species in the Indian population

Cited by 10 publications

References 102 publications

Distribution and antifungal susceptibility pattern ofCandidaspecies from mainland China: A systematic analysis

Distribution and antifungal susceptibility pattern ofCandidaspecies from mainland China: A systematic analysis

Antifungal susceptibility pattern of Candida isolated from cutaneous candidiasis patients in eastern Guangdong region: A retrospective study of the past 10 years

Novel Therapeutic Approaches to Invasive Candidiasis: Considerations for the Clinician

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