A Systematic Review of the Hydrological, Environmental and Durability Performance of Permeable Pavement Systems

Abstract

Due to urbanization, large portions of vegetated territory have been replaced by waterproof surfaces. The consequences are greater outflows, lower infiltration, and lower evapotranspiration. Pavement systems made with permeable surfaces allow the infiltration of water, ensuring reduction of runoff volume. In this paper, the methods of analysis of the hydrological and environmental performance of the pavement systems are reviewed in the context of urban drainage and regarding their durability. The purpose is to present an overview of the studies published during the last decade in the field. The Pubmed and Web Science Core Collection electronic databases were used to conduct the scientific literature survey. This generated 1238 papers, of which only 17 met the criteria and were included and discussed in this review. The evidence drawn from the knowledge on which the document is based provides useful critical interpretations of existing studies to progress the current understanding on hydrological performance and environment impacts in terms of conventional pollutant removal efficiency and the current permeable pavement systems.

Comparison between different infiltration models to describe the infiltration of permeable brick pavement system via a laboratory-scale experiment

“…As one of a widely used LID measures with high permeability, permeable pavement (PP) can effectively restore the hydrological impact caused by urbanization, such as reduction of rainfall volume and peak flow, and remove runoff pollution (Sambito et al 2021). The high porosity of base layer can effectively retention stormwater runoff, recharge groundwater, and relieve the pressure on the drainage pipe network (Kamali et al 2017).…”

Evaluating low impact development practices potentials for increasing flood resilience and stormwater reuse through lab-controlled bioretention systems

“…The laboratory prototype was built in the form of a bioretention box (Davis et al 2006;Macedo et al 2018) and it is located in an open and ventilated but covered shed. The use of the bioretention box and its installation site aimed to reduce incomparable conditions in the climate (mainly temperature and humidity) and minimize effects of different boundary conditions (unrealistic conditions were noted as one of the problems in LID studies and advances, according to Sambito et al (2021)). The bioretention box allows keeping physical similarities as close as possible to the real system in the field to ensure that the hydraulic and treatment processes occurring are replicated in laboratory.…”

“…In total, 26 synthetic events were monitored between January 2019 and February 2020 (Table 3). The events were performed sequentially and varied the antecedent dry period according to periods normally found in the city of São Carlos, so that it represented the different conditions of soil saturation and biological activation usually found in the field, minimizing the effects of not comparable conditions of laboratory scale and field application (noted by Sambito et al (2021) in LID studies). To assess the water quality and pollutant treatment capacity of the system, 10 events were evaluated for the parameters: Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), nitrogen series (nitrite -NO 2 , nitrate -NO 3 , and ammonia NH 3 ), phosphate -PO 4 , apparent color, pH, turbidity, total coliforms -TC, E. coli, metals (cadmium -Cd, chromium -Cr, copper -Cu, iron -Fe, manganese -Mn, nickel -Ni, lead -Pb and zinc -Zn), and sedimentable solids -SS.…”

Evaluating Permeable Clay Brick Pavement for Pollutant Removal from Varying Strength Stormwaters in Arid Regions

“…In the quest of attaining a sustainable pavement design using LID techniques, PPs have been widely used for SW management due to their unique characteristics for improving the runoff quality [10,11]. PPs are also capable of on-site SW infiltration without occupying the additional landscape of an urban setting, and they help in groundwater recharge [12].…”

“…Permeable concrete-based pavements, asphalt-based pavements, and permeable brick pavements are commonly used PPs in sidewalks, public squares, and car parks [14][15][16]. A permeable pavement generally consists of a layer of pavers at the top followed by base (soil or sand) and sub-base (gravel) layers [11]. These pavements function as a runoff storage reservoir and simultaneously filter various pollutants from SW runoff, e.g., total suspended solids (TSS), organic matter, turbidity, nutrients (e.g., nitrogen and phosphorus), heavy metals (e.g., Cu, Pb, and Zn), and hydrocarbons [17][18][19][20].…”