A systematic review of the association between rape myth acceptance and male-on-female sexual violence

Yapp, Emma; Quayle, Ethel

doi:10.1016/j.avb.2018.05.002

Cited by 71 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…Unfortunately, this is common, with one‐fourth to three‐fourths of survivors receiving negative responses while informally sharing stories with others (Filipas & Ullman, 2001). Unsupportive responses include not being believed, or being blamed either explicitly, with messages like: “If you had not been drinking this would not have happened,” (Yapp & Quayle, 2018), or implicitly: “Why didn't you tell someone where you were going?” (Sudderth, 1998). Victim blaming, stigmatizing, and minimizing the event often increases guilt, hopelessness, exacerbates distress, and silences survivors (Campbell et al, 2001; Ullman, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trauma, social media, and #WhyIDidntReport: An analysis of twitter posts about reluctance to report sexual assault

Whiting

Cravens

Sagers

et al. 2020

J Marital Family Therapy

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Recent social trends regarding sexual violence and gender have included elements of "hashtag activism," which involves using social media tools for cultural awareness and change. For example, the Twitter hashtag: #WhyIDidntReport was created for survivors of sexual victimization to share their barriers to reporting. In this project, 600 tweets attached to this hashtag were analyzed using a combination of grounded theory and content analysis methods. Results were organized into a conceptual map, with a central category (power), connected to three other ecological categories (culture, community systems, and relationships) and one category of survivor experiences.Each category has subcategories which illustrate certain contextual and internal barriers to reporting assault. The model shows how these barriers intersect and interact, and often further traumatize those who have been assaulted.The model offers implications for professionals working with those who have survived sexual trauma, as well as those studying the dynamics of abuse. K E Y W O R D Sabuse reporting, hashtag activism, sexual trauma, social media 750 | JOURNAL OF MARITAL AND FAMILY THERAPY Sexual assault is a worldwide epidemic, affecting individuals from all backgrounds in all cultures. Although common, it often remains hidden due to a combination of power, denial, fear, and confusion (Whiting et al., 2020). Over the last few decades, awareness of sexual assault and other forms of violence has increased as discussions about gender, power, and harassment have become more common. For example, many have come forward to share stories of assault from well-known political, media, and celebrity figures like Harvey Weinstein, Bill Cosby, Matt Lauer, Kevin Spacey, Danny Masterson, and Bill O'Reilly, to name a few. As people have shared these stories, the outrage against these abuses has grown. This groundswell of protest has been fueled by social media, in what has been called "hashtag activism," where digital media is used for social change (Kangere et al., 2017;PettyJohn et al., 2019;Whiting et al., 2019). Social media has amplified voices of survivors, created space for realtime engagement of societal ills, and provided tools to develop online campaigns. For instance, hashtags have included: #MeToo, #HowIWillChange, #TimesUp, and #ItsOnUs. These initiatives have allowed many who are not in traditional positions of power to seek justice, change, and bring to light problems with sexual assault that often remain hidden. These initiatives are timely, and similar to other social justice efforts, including #BlackLivesMatter, #GeorgeFloyd, and #BreonnaTaylorwasMurdered. All of these are intended to shine a light on injustice, racism, sexism, and abuses of power that are imbedded in political and social structures. Sometimes strong movements like these can accomplish needed second-order change in systems that resist accountability and silence those who are most vulnerable.One surge in the discussion about sexual assault happened in response to a political clash in...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trauma, social media, and #WhyIDidntReport: An analysis of twitter posts about reluctance to report sexual assault

Whiting

Cravens

Sagers

et al. 2020

J Marital Family Therapy

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“…In support of the Hostile Masculinity Path, Murnen et al (2002) reported in their metaanalytic review that sexual aggression toward women was moderately associated with measures of acceptance of interpersonal violence, beliefs in interpersonal relationships being fundamentally exploitative, dominance/power, hostility toward women, and rape myth acceptance. The latter has also been reported to be significantly associated with sexual violence in two more recent reviews (Tharp et al 2012;Yapp and Quayle 2018). Several of the studies covered by these reviews had examined the effect of hostile masculinity measures within the frame of the Confluence Model.…”

Section: Empirical Statusmentioning

confidence: 96%

Confluence Model

Bendixen¹

2020

Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science

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The Confluence Model is a general framework for understanding developmental processes by tracing the mutual influences between the individual and his or her social environment as they unfold over time to shape some characteristic of personality (Kihlstrom 2018). The general framework of the model has been applied to the study of sexual coercion that involve sexual behaviors whereby one of the individuals does not fully consent to the acts. Sexual coercion covers the use of physical force, threat, deception, or intimidation (Huppin and Malamuth 2016). Examples cover forced kissing and touching, verbal derogation, sexual rumoring, showing sexually explicit pictures or objects, threats to end relationship, and insisting on having sex. Similar terms are sexual aggression, sexual violence, and sexual harassment.

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“…The literature also suggests that the acceptance of rape myths is associated with rape proclivity (Abrams et al, 2003; Bohner et al, 1998; Malamuth, 1986). In addition, a recent systematic review found that there is an association between rape myth acceptance and male-on-female sexual violence (see Yapp & Quayle, 2018).…”

Section: Correlates Of Proclivity To Perpetratementioning

confidence: 99%

Correlates of Incoming Male College Students’ Proclivity to Perpetrate Sexual Assault

Palmer

McMahon

Fissel

2020

Violence Against Women

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This study examined incoming male college students’ proclivity to perpetrate sexual assault at a large public university in the Northeast ( n = 1,619). Overall, self-reported proclivity to perpetrate was low (between 20–26%). Students’ perception that a peer would intervene as a bystander was negatively associated with proclivity, while acceptance of certain rape myths was positively associated with proclivity. Students who intended to join a fraternity and White students had increased proclivity to perpetrate using force or incapacitation. Based on these findings, recommendations for sexual assault prevention efforts are included.

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A systematic review of the association between rape myth acceptance and male-on-female sexual violence

Cited by 71 publications

References 71 publications

Trauma, social media, and #WhyIDidntReport: An analysis of twitter posts about reluctance to report sexual assault

Trauma, social media, and #WhyIDidntReport: An analysis of twitter posts about reluctance to report sexual assault

Confluence Model

Correlates of Incoming Male College Students’ Proclivity to Perpetrate Sexual Assault

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