A systematic review of pre-clinical and clinical research reports on small ruminants published during the last six decades in the then East Pakistan and in Bangladesh

Samad, Md. Abdus

doi:10.36111/jvmohr.2019.1(2).0010

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 278 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…Compared to the various types of fractures in this study, transverse fractures were more prevalent in calves (55%, n = 53) and cats (59%, n = 10). These results concur with the findings of [17,18]. Contrary to the results of this study, Minar et al [15] reported a higher incidence of oblique fractures than other types of fractures.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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Occurrence and associated risk factors of long bone fractures in food and pet animals in Mymensingh district of Bangladesh: A retrospective study

Akter¹,

Alam²,

Alam³

2022

World J. Adv. Res. Rev.

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The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of fracture and the risk variables connected to its occurrence in calves and cats at Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. A total of 96 (calves) and 17 (cats) retrospective datasets were compiled between January 2015 and December 2019. Age, sex, breed, season, involvement of the bone, and type of fracture were considered to characterize fractures. To examine the data, simple descriptive statistics were used. At around 6 months, there were the highest rates of long bone fractures in both calves and cats (77%, n = 74; and 65%, n = 11). According to sex variation, fracture was more common in male calves (61%, n = 59) and female cats (76%, n = 13). Calves and cats from native breeds had the highest fracture rates (52%, n = 50) and (100%, n = 17), respectively. The summer season saw the highest rates of long bone fractures in both calves (41%, n = 39) and cats (53%, n = 9). The majority of the fractures in calves (42%, n = 41) were found to be in the metatarsal bone during pre-operative clinical assessment. In cats, this primarily affected the femur (41%, n = 7). Cats (59%, n = 10) and calves (55%, n = 53) had the highest rate of transverse long bone fractures. This study will help to establish the frequency of fractures, which is very important clinically in the examination and diagnosis of fractures in calves and cats.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Contrary to the results of this study, Minar et al [15] reported a higher incidence of oblique fractures than other types of fractures. Oblique and transverse fractures are more common, which suggests that bending or compression forces are the main forces acting on the long bone [18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and associated risk factors of long bone fractures in food and pet animals in Mymensingh district of Bangladesh: A retrospective study

Akter¹,

Alam²,

Alam³

2022

World J. Adv. Res. Rev.

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“…(Sinum et al 2011 and Minar et al 2013) reported a higher incidence of oblique and femoral fractures in calves which suggests that bending or compression forces are the main forces acting on the long bone. (Samad et al 2019). The distal fracture was the most common in long bone fracture (67%) followed by middle and proximal fracture.…”

Section: Etiology Of Fracturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Possible Risk Factors for Bone Fractures in Animals and Management of Pre and Post -Operative Pain

2024

JSS

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The occurrence of fractures is more when the forces acting on the bone exceed its ultimate strength. The type of fracture depends on the magnitude, rate, and direction of the force applied and also on the shape, size, and structure of the bone involved. The predisposing factors may be bone neoplasia, generalized bone disease, bone defects, and a history of previous fractures, the possible forces resulting in fractures may be torsion (leading to spinal fractures), compression on bending forces leading to oblique fracture with/without comminution, shearing forces leading to transverse fractures. These bone fractures may be oblique/transverse/comminuted / Spinal/segmental. Fractures in small animal patients represent a challenging combination of orthopedic and soft-time injuries. When compared to closed fractures the proportion of risk factors for open fractures is more. Open fractures are typically the result of high-energy trauma. Sexually intact dogs & cats are at high risk for fractures than sterilized animals as they tend to roam which may increase the likelihood of a traumatic event. Younger age was a significant risk factor for the occurrence of open fractures because of the more active nature of the puppies and kittens. This is because the physical properties of a more mature skeleton influence fracture configuration and thus the likelihood of an open fracture. Body weight was found to be a risk factor for open fractures in dogs after adjusting for age, breed, and neuter status. The force or energy necessary to fracture a bone in large dogs is more likely to be sufficient enough in larger dogs relative to the force or energy necessary to fracture a bone in smaller dogs. Comminuted was the only fracture configuration found to be a significant risk factor for an open fracture as it results due to higher energy and higher velocity trauma that causes soft tissue damage and more fracture fragments. Pain is a multi-dimension experience and its response is unique to each individual and involves two components as sensory component i.e., nociceptors, which is the neural processing of new noxious stimuli, and the effective component i.e., pain perception, which is the unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with either actual or potential tissue damage. Pain management is central to veterinary practice, alleviating pain, improving patient outcomes, and enhancing both, the quality of life and the veterinarian–client–patient relationship. Nociceptive pain, pathological pain, and maladaptive pain are the various dimensions of pain perceived by the animal. For managing pain, non-steroidal analgesics can be used alone, but they are also synergistic with other analgesic drugs (opioids) or modalities (local, regional, and epidural analgesia). The NSAI Analgesics are inhibitors of cyclo-oxygenase (prostaglandin synthases) which catalyzes the incorporation of molecular oxygen into arachidonic acid. Fentanyl patches, butorphanol, and buprenorphine are opioid analgesics used for perioperative pain management. For spinal, pelvic & high comminuted hind limb fractures, epidural administration of 0.5% bupivacaine at induction can provide profound hind limb analgesia post-operatively for up to 24 hours CRI (Continuous Rate Infusion) analgesia plays a key role in pre-operative, intra-operative, and post-operative situations, preemptive analgesia achieved in various ways has reduced the post-operative analgesia demand.

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A Six-Decade Review: Research on Cattle Production, Management and Dairy Products in Bangladesh

Samad¹

2020

JVMOHR

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Background: Historical changes in the demand of animal protein sources (milk & meat) for human consumption have been largely increased due to increased growth of human population, income and urbanization in Bangladesh. Research on cattle production and management especially cattle breeding, feeds and fodders, milk production and products have contributed to increase potential production and genetic gains of cattle. A comprehensive review on the published inland research reports on cattle production, management and dairy products are lacking in literature which is required for further research for the cattle development and production. Objectives: An attempt to review on the published inland research reports on the advances in science and technology on cattle production, management and dairy products in Bangladesh Materials and Methods: A systematic literature review of research articles on cattle production, management and dairy products published between 1962 and 2020 from Bangladesh has been reviewed. A total of 1185 research articles on cattle production, management and dairy products supported with some international related articles have been reviewed and analyzed. Results: Research data on cattle production, management and dairy products are compiled from 1185 different research reports supported with some international reports. This review covers the status of cattle breeds and varieties with tabulated summary of 21 reports on draught cattle, 83 on fodder production, 97 on nutrition, feeds and feeding, 88 on trials of different feed formulations in non-dairy cattle and 68 on dairy cattle, 5 on the effects of heat stress on health and production, 39 on fattening of cattle, 27 on genetics and breeding, 75 on semen and AI, 20 on factors associated with conception rate (CR), 8 on oocyte and embryo collection, 9 on genotypes of dairy cows, 7 on management of smallholder dairy farms, 48 on milk production status of dairy cattle, 32 on economics of rearing cattle, 99 on productive and reproductive performances of cattle, 7 on estrus and pregnancy diagnosis, 7 problems of dairy farmers, 23 on preservative and adulteration of milk, 20 on constituents and methods of sweet preparation, 11 on cheese preparation, 9 on ice-cream, 56 on yoghurt, 4 on beef cattle production, 34 on birth weight, and 15 on calf rearing including calf milk replacer and calf starter. Conclusions: Data based reports are important for priority setting and targeting with mandate for cattle development and increase production. Currently, one of the biggest gaps in the inland datasets on cattle research and this review addresses this gap by bringing together in a review and highlighting some of the major findings. Cross-breeding remains an attractive option for cattle improvement because of the quick results that can be obtained by its use and the potential benefits it has farmers. This review would serve as an archive of research reports on cattle production, management and dairy products for the concerned academicians, research scientists, organizations and government for future planning for education, research and extension on cattle production. Keywords: Systematic review, Six decades, Cattle, Management, Production, Dairy products, Bangladesh

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A systematic review of pre-clinical and clinical research reports on small ruminants published during the last six decades in the then East Pakistan and in Bangladesh

Cited by 4 publications

References 278 publications

Occurrence and associated risk factors of long bone fractures in food and pet animals in Mymensingh district of Bangladesh: A retrospective study

Occurrence and associated risk factors of long bone fractures in food and pet animals in Mymensingh district of Bangladesh: A retrospective study

The Possible Risk Factors for Bone Fractures in Animals and Management of Pre and Post -Operative Pain

A Six-Decade Review: Research on Cattle Production, Management and Dairy Products in Bangladesh

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