A systematic review of instruments to measure depressive symptoms in patients with schizophrenia

Lako, Irene M.; Bruggeman, Richard; Knegtering, Henderikus; Wiersma, Durk; Schoevers, Robert A.; Slooff, C. J.; Taxis, Katja

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2011.10.014

Cited by 135 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…Inter-rater reliability (kappa = .86) and test-retest reliability (kappa = .83) were also shown to be high. Good concurrent validity was evidenced by strong correlations with other measures of depression including the Hamilton Depression Scale (r = .74), the Beck Depression inventory (r = .83), and the PANSS depression subscale (r = .66; Lako et al, 2012). Construct validity is supported by the ability of the CDSS to predict the presence of a major depressive episode (D. Addington et al, 1992).…”

Section: Item 1: Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Future‐directed thinking in first‐episode psychosis

Goodby

MacLeod

2015

British J Clinic Psychol

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ObjectivesThis study employed the Future Thinking Task (MacLeod et al., 2005, Br. J. Clin. Psychol., 44, 495) to investigate whether future‐directed thinking in first‐episode psychosis is significantly different from that of matched controls, and to identify its correlates in this patient group.DesignCross‐sectional, mixed‐model, case–control design.MethodParticipants were 30 patients with first‐episode psychosis and 27 matched controls. The Future Thinking Task was used to assess future‐directed thinking in both groups. Anxiety and depression were also measured as well as self‐report measures of hopelessness, suicide ideation and a measure of negative symptoms.ResultsIndividuals with psychosis were impaired in future‐directed thinking in both positive and negative domains, particularly with respect to the coming year. Increased self‐reported hopelessness was associated with reduced positive future thinking and increased negative future thinking. Increased positive future thinking was also associated with reduced severity of negative symptoms, whilst negative future thinking was associated with suicide ideation.ConclusionsIndividuals with first‐episode psychosis show a reduction in positive future thinking in line with that seen in other clinical groups, but this is accompanied by an unexpected reduction in negative future thinking. The findings suggest a general disengagement with the future in this group that may affect recovery and functioning.Practitioner points Individuals with first‐episode psychosis may benefit from interventions to help them engage with their future, in particular in the mid‐range, up to 1 year. The Future Thinking Task may be a helpful addition to the assessment of suicide risk in those with first‐episode psychosis. Decreased positive future thinking was associated with increased severity of negative symptoms, indicating a potential new treatment angle for this resistant aspect of psychosis. The cross‐sectional design of this study does not allow for conclusions about the causal relationship between psychosis and future‐directed thinking. This study investigated future‐directed thinking in individuals with a range of psychotic illnesses employing a trans‐diagnostic approach; therefore, conclusions cannot be drawn about the nature of future‐directed thinking in individual psychotic disorders.

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Section: Item 1: Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent review of reliability and validity of scales measuring depression in schizophrenia reported the psychometric properties of the CDSS (Lako et al, 2012).…”

Section: Item 1: Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Future‐directed thinking in first‐episode psychosis

Goodby

MacLeod

2015

British J Clinic Psychol

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“…The BDI was the only self-report measure included in their analysis, and they found it to be reliable in measuring depressive symptoms in schizophrenia patients. However, they note that almost half of the items on this measure overlap with negative and extrapyramidal symptoms; these two types of symptoms are often difficult to distinguish in schizophrenia (Harvey, Koren, Reichenberg, & Bowie, 2006;Lako et al, 2012).…”

Section: Measurement Differencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been documented that depressive symptoms are often present in schizophrenia (Buckley, Miller, Lehrer, & Castle, 2009;Lako et al, 2012;Van Os & Kapur, 2009), yet the role of these symptoms is unclear. While it is possible that they may be part of the illness, it is also possible that patients may experience depression as a comorbid illness.…”

Section: Affect In Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Subjective depression and thought disorder in schizophrenia : are they related?

Briggs

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The role of insight, social rank, mindfulness and self‐compassion in depression following first episode psychosis

Hardman

Gleeson

González‐Blanch

et al. 2023

Clin Psychology and Psychoth

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Gaining awareness of psychosis (i.e., insight) is linked to depression, particularly in the post‐acute phase of psychosis. Informed by social rank theory, we examined whether the insight–depression relationship is explained by reduced social rank related to psychosis and whether self‐compassion (including uncompassionate self‐responding [UCS] and compassionate self‐responding [CSR]) and mindfulness buffered the relationship between social rank and depression in individuals with first episode psychosis during the post‐acute phase. Participants were 145 young people (Mage = 20.81; female = 66) with first episode psychosis approaching discharge from an early psychosis intervention centre. Questionnaires and interviews assessed insight, depressive symptoms, perceived social rank, self‐compassion, mindfulness and illness severity. Results showed that insight was not significantly associated to depression and thus no mediation analysis was conducted. However, lower perceived social rank was related to higher depression, and this relationship was moderated by self‐compassion and, more specifically, UCS. Mindfulness was related to depression but had no moderating effect on social rank and depression. Results supported previous findings that depressive symptoms are common during the post‐acute phase. The role of insight in depression for this sample is unclear and may be less important during the post‐acute phase than previously considered. Supporting social rank theory, the results suggest that low perceived social rank contributes to depression, and reducing UCS may ameliorate this effect. UCS, social rank and possibly mindfulness may be valuable intervention targets for depression intervention and prevention efforts in the recovery of psychosis.

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A systematic review of instruments to measure depressive symptoms in patients with schizophrenia

Abstract: We would recommend to use the CDSS for the measurement of depressive symptoms in research and in daily clinical practice of patients with schizophrenia. A valid self-report instrument is to be developed for the use in clinical practice.

Cited by 135 publications

References 90 publications

Future‐directed thinking in first‐episode psychosis

Future‐directed thinking in first‐episode psychosis

Subjective depression and thought disorder in schizophrenia : are they related?

The role of insight, social rank, mindfulness and self‐compassion in depression following first episode psychosis

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