A Systematic Review againts Risk Factors on The Low-weight Birth Incidence in Indonesia

Abstract

The number of maternal and infant mortality in Indonesia is still high. Most of Indonesian neonatal mortality occurs in the first week of life with low-weight birth (LwB) / premature as the main cause. Birth weight is an important and reliable indicator for the survival of neonates and infants, both in terms of physical growth and development of the mental status. LwB caused by many complicated factors that related each others as if maternal factors that also affect the baby's weight at their birth. The purpose of this study was to identified the determinant factors that affect the incidence of LwB based on the related research topic. The data source obtained from the scientific journals with LwB studies during the years of 2009 untill 2016 with the total of 14 studies consisting of scientific papers and thesis. In this study, researchers divided into five risk factors associated with LwB. From those factors then it divided again into 20 aspects. The result show that the maternal nutritional aspec and anemia status have become significant risk factors againts the low-weight birth incidence.

Factors affecting neonatal birth weight in Sidotopo Wetan Health Centre: A cross-sectional study

“…This study found that there is a significant relationship with neonatal birth weight (0.049). This founding is aligned with a systematical review conducted by Kusumawati [12] where two journals were found to have significant relationship with low birth weight with OR of 1,711 and 52,111, with a minimal of 4 visits. Antenatal care visits are very important for pregnant women as it helps them to take care of their physical and mental wellbeing, educating, detecting abnormalities, such that regular antenatal care visit will help quickly resolve any risks of causing abnormalities.…”

“…However, this is not aligned with study by Pertiwi et al [11], where no relationship was found between maternal age and low birth weight. Though maternal age acts as a risk of low birth weight, it is not the main factor of low birth weight, as there is a need to also consider other the factors [12,13). Analysis found that there is no correlation between maternal level of education and neonatal birth weight (p=0.265).…”

Low Birth Weight As the Predictors of Stunting in Children under Five Years in Teluknaga Sub District Province of Banten 2015

“…Birth weight is an important and reliable indicator that used as a general indicator to determine the health, nutrition and socio-economic status of developed and developing countries. Unbalanced birth weight can cause complications for both mother and baby [23]. This study showed that children who were born with LBW have an opportunity to be stunting 3,12 times larger than children who were born with normal weight after controlled by child sex, some family members, education level of the father and mother, mother's working status and average parents income.…”

“…Nutritional interventions such as dietary supplements during pregnancy in adolescents, women of childbearing age and during pregnancy helps reduce the occurrence of LBW [25]. Antenatal services aim to maintain the physical/mental health of mothers and infants by providing health education on nutrition and early detection of fetal abnormalities so if there are any abnormalities, it that can be quickly handled, especially the problem of fetal growth [23].…”

Estimation Of Low Birth Weight Risk In Indonesia: What Is The Most Appropriate Intervention?

“…Babies who do not meet the normal estimation criteria are a vulnerable group that affects their health status (Farida, 2018). So, birth weight becomes an important indicator of infant health, both in terms of physical and cognitive development (Kusumawati, 2017). Babies with low birth weight status will be physically more susceptible to metabolic disorders in the future (Saragih & Yovsyah, 2017).…”