A Systematic Literature Review on the Effectiveness of Distance Learning: Problems, Opportunities, Challenges, and Predictions

Abstract

Distance learning has increased in popularity during the COVID-19 pandemic as a new method for research and learning. However, the implementation of distance learning with management learning systems still faces a problem, namely the difficulty of understanding instructional objectives. Regardless of the pros and cons, the results of literature research suggest that distance education is as effective as face-to-face (traditional) learning in terms of student learning outcomes. The application of distance learning (online learning) has many opportunities to develop rapidly as most academic institutions shift to this model. Improving the quality of distance learning programs poses a real challenge in developing challenging content that does not only cover the curriculum but is also engaging. It is strongly predicted that the application of distance learning will not only be part of the normal learning process but will completely replace the current face-to-face conventional teaching and learning.

Face to face or blended learning? A case study: Teacher training in the pedagogical use of ICT

“…technology evolution, costing issues, special needs and situations) distance learning seems to gain ground against traditional face to face teaching (Kentnor, 2015;Kemp & Grieve, 2014). In fact, during the current unpleasant situation of the Covid-19 pandemic (Kusmaryono et al, 2021;Dhawan, 2020;Favale et al, 2020) the massive application of distance learning was enforced using digital technologies, in most cases without the necessary preparatory work, even in audiences where such a method is not generally considered as appropriate (e.g. school pupils).…”

The Effectiveness of Curriculum 2013 Implementation on Distance Learning

“…Distance learning has also faced many historical challenges, such as impersonal and unsatisfactory interactions. Despite those critical challenges, new tools and techniques such as distance learning, web-based learning or courses, and learning management systems has contributed significantly to the distance learning arena and student satisfaction [5].…”

Interaction between mathematical disposition and independent learning in distance learning success: An ex post facto study

“…Due to the fast-paced COVID-19 pandemic, the paradigm of school education (learning) has changed from face-to-face learning (offline) in the classroom to distance learning in the network (online). The sudden change of the learning paradigm from offline to online is undoubtedly a problem in education for which a solution has been found (Graven, 2016;Kusmaryono et al, 2021a;Satyawan et al, 2021).…”

“…The application used in distance learning (online) during this pandemic affects students' interest in learning and the tendency of students to behave, behave and act consciously to achieve goals called dispositions (Adi et al, 2019; Karlina, Intan & Astuti, 2021; Kusmaryono et al, 2021a). This disposition could be positive or negative, leading to students responding to situations (Facione, 2000).…”

“…Mathematical disposition is an aspect that significantly supports students' success in learning mathematics remotely during this COVID-19 pandemic (Thomson & Pampaka, 2020; Ulia & Kusmaryono, 2021). The positive disposition of students towards mathematics will improve student performance in dealing with problems, fostering a sense of responsibility for learning mathematics, and developing better academic habits (Kusmaryono et al, 2021a;Russo et al, 2020).…”