A systematic literature review of open innovation in the public sector: comparing barriers and governance strategies of digital and non-digital open innovation

Mu, Rui; Wang, Huanming

doi:10.1080/14719037.2020.1838787

Cited by 44 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 70 publications

(82 reference statements)

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“…A smart city can be defined as an urban locality that employs digital data and technologies to stimulate innovations and create efficiencies for enhancing the quality of life, boosting economic development, and improving environmental sustainability (Ingwersen and Serrano-Lopez, 2018; Mu and Wang, 2020; Yigitcanlar et al, 2020). Smart city outsourcing refers to local governments buying in technical services associated with smart city construction and operation (including data collection, data analytics, algorithm design, digital product development and marketing, and system maintenance) from private companies based on a long-term contract (Viitanen and Kingston, 2014).…”

Section: Smart City Outsourcing and Contracting Uncertaintiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Third, technological uncertainties can be induced by the unpredictability of technological change in an environment over time. In smart city outsourcing, this is particularly true because it depends on rapidly changing digital technologies and algorithm substitution (Allam and Dhunny, 2019; Mu et al, 2022). Fourth, legislative or procedural uncertainties may exist.…”

Section: Smart City Outsourcing and Contracting Uncertaintiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pre-contractual relational governance for public–private partnerships: how can ex-ante relational governance help formal contracting in smart city outsourcing projects?

Haershan

2021

International Review of Administrative Sciences

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In the literature on relational governance, it is often assumed that relational governance emerges primarily after formal contracting and acts as a functional supplement to a formal contract. In this article, we show that especially facing deep uncertainties, relational governance can emerge before the start of formal partnerships, in the form of trust-building, exchanging resources, and fostering flexibility. Based on a case study of a smart city outsourcing project, this article introduces a forward-extended framework of relational governance that captures the pre-contractual dimensions of relationship cultivation and their role in facilitating formal contracting. The study finds that pre-contractual relational governance facilitates formal contracting by reducing substantive, evaluative, technological, and procedural uncertainties in the project and helps the partners to design an elaborative contract, undergo an easy negotiation, adopt short-term contracts, and use simple monitoring and evaluation methods. The article thus argues that only understanding post-contractual relational governance is insufficient for exploring the relation between formal contracting and relational governance; facing deep uncertainties, it is necessary to understand how public and private parties develop their pre-contractual relationship and reduce the uncertainties before a formal contract can be signed. Points for practitioners Practitioners should realize that there is much room for relational governance in the pre-contractual phase of PPP projects when the projects are rife with various uncertainties. Public and private parties can take measures to build trust, foster flexibility, and create interdependence before a formal contract is signed. These ex-ante relational governance measures can facilitate formal contracting by reducing the various uncertainties, making a formal contract designable, making negotiation smooth and easy, and reducing the need for contract supervision.

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Section: Smart City Outsourcing and Contracting Uncertaintiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Smart City Outsourcing and Contracting Uncertaintiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre-contractual relational governance for public–private partnerships: how can ex-ante relational governance help formal contracting in smart city outsourcing projects?

Haershan

2021

International Review of Administrative Sciences

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“…Traditionally, co-production takes offline forms. Nowadays, the digital transformation, driven by the emergence of information communication technologies and the development of the internet, has enabled governments to design online opportunities for citizens to engage with and contribute resources (e.g., knowledge, ideas, time, energy) to the production of public services, i.e., the so-called digital co-production (Mu & Wang, 2022 ; Loeffler, 2021 : 135).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How does technological system design affect value creation? A systematic literature review of digital co-production

Wang

Song

2022

GPPG

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The existing studies on co-production display two research gaps. First, most studies focus on non-digital/offline co-production and value creation; little attention has been paid to value creation of digital/online co-production cases. Second, traditional co-production studies examine political, organizational, administrative, and personal factors that influence co-production. However, few studies investigate how technological factors will affect co-production in terms of value creation. To bridge the gaps, this article conducts a systematic literature review of 52 articles. The review results distill seven technological factors and five value categories from digital co-production cases. It further examines how these technological factors affect the creation of various value categories. Based on the review results, this article proposes a future research agenda on digital co-production.

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“…In the public sector, governments engage in open innovation when they leverage the resources and knowledge contributed by a variety of constituents, such as government departments and agencies, citizens, and private sector organizations, in order to solve public problems. Open innovation practices can be instrumental both in increasing the value and innovativeness of existing public services, and in co‐creating entirely new services with users (Bekkers and Tummers 2018 ; Liu 2017 ; Mergel and Desouza 2013 ; Mu and Wang 2020 ). Yet, the use of crowdsourcing, as a tool of platform government to elicit solutions from the crowd, can imply different degrees of collaboration and co‐creation between seekers and solvers, and different degrees of openness in the innovation process.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Crowdsourcing and COVID‐19: How Public Administrations Mobilize Crowds to Find Solutions to Problems Posed by the Pandemic

Colovic

Caloffi

Rossi

2022

Public Administration Review

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We discuss how public administrations have used crowdsourcing to find solutions to specific problems posed by the COVID‐19 pandemic, and to what extent crowdsourcing has been instrumental in promoting open innovation and service co‐creation. We propose a conceptual typology of crowdsourcing challenges based on the degree of their openness and collaboration with the crowd that they establish. Using empirical evidence collected in 2020 and 2021, we examine the extent to which these types have been used in practice. We discuss each type of crowdsourcing challenge identified and draw implications for public policy.

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A systematic literature review of open innovation in the public sector: comparing barriers and governance strategies of digital and non-digital open innovation

Cited by 44 publications

References 70 publications

Pre-contractual relational governance for public–private partnerships: how can ex-ante relational governance help formal contracting in smart city outsourcing projects?

Pre-contractual relational governance for public–private partnerships: how can ex-ante relational governance help formal contracting in smart city outsourcing projects?

How does technological system design affect value creation? A systematic literature review of digital co-production

Crowdsourcing and COVID‐19: How Public Administrations Mobilize Crowds to Find Solutions to Problems Posed by the Pandemic

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