This article develops a general framework to describe the changes in university IPR regulations in Europe and their effects on the patenting activities of universities and on knowledge transfer processes. Understanding the effects of changes in IPR regulations on academic patenting is a complex issue, and parallels with the US case can be misleading. First, despite the general trend towards institutional ownership, university IPR regulations in Europe remain extremely differentiated and there is no one-to-one mapping to the US system. Second, it is difficult to disentangle the

No abstract

Abstract:The issue of what indicators are most appropriate in order to measure the performance of universities in knowledge transfer (KT) activities remains relatively under-investigated. The main aim of this paper is to identify and discuss the limitations to the current measurements of university-industry KT performance, and propose some directions for improvement. We argue that university-industry KT can unfold in many ways and impact many stakeholders, and that, especially in highly differentiated university systems, choosing indicators focused on a narrow range of activities and impacts might limit the ability of universities to accurately represent their KT performance. Therefore, KT indicators should include a variety of activities and reflect a variety of impacts, so as to allow comparability between different institutions and avoid the creation of undesirable behavioural incentives. To illustrate these issues empirically, we discuss the case of the United Kingdom's Higher Education -Business and Community Interaction (HE-BCI) survey.

No abstract

The article explores whether, and to what extent, several trends that have taken place in most higher education systems in the last few decades -such as massification, privatization, increased competition for students and for research funds -stimulate more diversity between institutions. This question is widely debated, both empirically and theoretically. Using Italian data, the dynamics of organizational diversity are analysed with respect to several features of higher education institutions, namely: (1) size, (2) specialization, and (3) mission orientation. This multidimensional approach offers some interesting results, both in their own right as well as in a comparative perspective with studies that have investigated similar issues in other countries.

F. (2017). The effect of firms' relational capabilities on knowledge acquisition and co-creation with universities. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, forthcoming. Running head: Firms' relational capabilities and knowledge acquisition and cocreation Title: The effect of firms' relational capabilities on knowledge acquisition and cocreation with universities

Researchers have argued that management academics' engagement with non-academic stakeholders involves knowledge co-production rather than simple knowledge transfer from the former to the latter. This study suggests that the conceptual lens of knowledge co-production not only more fittingly describes academic engagement but also enables a clearer understanding of how academic engagement produces impact beyond academia. Building upon qualitative evidence on collaborations between management academics and businesses in the United Kingdom, the study supports the characterisation of academic engagement as knowledge co-production and argues that its impact (i) strongly depends on sustained knowledge co-producing interactions, (ii) ‘ripples out’ serendipitously, indirectly benefiting many stakeholders in ways that often cannot be anticipated, and (iii) unfolds and persists over a long period. These findings have implications for impact assessment and the development of the impact research agenda

Third-mission policy goals and incentives from performancebased funding: Are they aligned? Rosli, A. and Rossi, F. This is a pre-copy edited, author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication in Research Evaluation following peer review. The definitive publisher-authenticated version of Rosli, A. and Rossi, F. (2016) Thirdmission policy goals and incentives from performance-based funding: Are they aligned?