A Systematic Design of a Compact Wideband Hybrid Directional Coupler Based on Printed RGW Technology

Ali, Mohamed Mamdouh M.; El-Gendy, Mohamed S.; Al‐Hasan, Muath; Mabrouk, Ismail Ben; Sebak, Abdel-Razik; Denidni, Tayeb A.

doi:10.1109/access.2021.3071758

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…and [34]. The proposed couplers in [6] and [35] have more bandwidth of 26%, and 26.5%, respectively, which not only suffer from amplitude and phase imbalance but also these two structures have dielectric substrates that can limit to tolerate the power in high frequencies. Although the bandwidth in these two structures is more than the other compared references, because of the multilayered; their amplitude and phase balance bandwidth is reduced.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Broadband Three-Section Branch-Line Coupler Realized by Ridge Gap Waveguide Technology From 12 to 20 GHz

Mahdavi,

Hosseini,

Shojaadini

2023

IEEE Access

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The novel ridge-gap waveguide (RGW) technology which uses an entire metal structure has various advantages at high frequencies, such as broad bandwidth, low loss, low sensitivity to manufacturing errors, and uncomplicated integration with passive and active components. In this paper, a broadband RGWbased three-section branch-line coupler in the frequency band of 12 to 20 GHz is proposed, simulated, and experimentally demonstrated. The proposed structure employs four short stubs at the branches with a quarter wavelength for impedance matching. Also, four steps have been added for better power division on the coupling branch lines. The proposed structure with WR62 transition shows low-loss, equal-power division, 90-degree with good impedance matching, and isolation in the frequency band of 12-20 GHz containing the Ku band, and, the measured results are in good agreement with the simulations. The introduced structure can be extended to an arbitrary broadband power divider/combiner, which can find various applications, such as in array antenna feed networks and solid-state power amplifiers. It can be redesigned for broadband, high-power, and low-cost millimeter-wave applications.INDEX TERMS Branch-line coupler, Ku band, ridge gap waveguide (RGW), return loss, insertion loss.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Broadband Three-Section Branch-Line Coupler Realized by Ridge Gap Waveguide Technology From 12 to 20 GHz

Mahdavi,

Hosseini,

Shojaadini

2023

IEEE Access

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“…A microstrip directional coupler based-on 1-D perforated substrate can be regarded as a multi-section directional coupler. For each section, transmission matrix T is calculated using Equation (7). Since the coupler is divided into a few series of sub-sections, the total transmission matrix of the coupler is determined by multiplying the transmission matrix of the sub-sections given by Equation ( 16) [20].…”

Section: Microstrip Line Coupler Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the operating bandwidth is only about 15%, and its size is too large. Ali et al [7] designed a hybrid directional coupler based on the printed ridge gap waveguide (PRGW). The most important feature of the proposed coupler includes low signal distortion, low loss, and low size, meanwhile, it provides a limited bandwidth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a New Backward Directional Coupler Based on Perforated Substrates

Karimian-Sarakhs¹,

Neshati²

2023

IJE

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In this paper, two wideband 10 dB backward directional couplers based on artificial perforated substrates over the frequency range of 25-35 GHz and 32-38 GHz are developed. An analytical method is proposed to design the coupler geometrical parameters. The theoretical modeling is established based on the coupled version of the transmission line (TL) theory using the extended version of the ABCD matrix for four ports microwave network. It is shown that using the proposed method, all required parameters of the directional coupler are determined using the per-unit-length of the applied lines. The geometrical parameters of primary designed couplers are optimized using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) procedure to improve the performance of couplers. The designed couplers are also simulated using High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) software. Moreover, sensitivity analysis is carried out to investigate the effect of fabrication imperfections of the proposed couplers. The obtained results show that the simulated results agree well with the theoretical ones and a low insertion loss (IL) with high return loss is obtained over a wide frequency range bandwidth.

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“…Most of the 3 dB hybrid couplers presented in the literature have a narrow bandwidth of up to 18% and high output phase and amplitude imbalance 40 , 43 , 49 – 52 . The offered couplers in 41 , 42 have a wider impedance bandwidth of 26.5% and 26.6% respectively, as well as a low output phase and amplitude imbalance while they suffer from bigger size. The authors in 53 have designed a SIGW hybrid coupler that provides 26.4% bandwidth.…”

Section: Prgw 3-db Hybrid Coupler Performance Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another similar structure with mathematical equations, which enables the structure more flexible in other mm-wave frequency bands, has been proposed in 41 . Authors in 42 , 43 have designed low-profile hybrid directional couplers for 5G communication purposes. Furthermore, a Rat-Race coupler, which has the ability to divide the input power with 0° or 180° phase difference has been implemented in 44 by means of PRGW technology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis and design of ultra-wideband PRGW hybrid coupler using PEC/PMC waveguide model

Mousavirazi

Ali

Gheisanab

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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In this paper, a new method to facilitate the design of Printed Ridge Gap Waveguide (PRGW) structures is introduced. One of the main difficulties in designing such structures is related to their simulation process which is really time and energy-consuming. Therefore, a suitable boundary condition is considered to bring about the primary structure without involving the bed of nails or mushroom unit cells. Using this technique, a wideband PRGW 3 dB hybrid double-box coupler is designed to serve in mm-wave frequencies at a center frequency of 30 GHz, which can be deployed for the next generation of mobile communication. The designed coupler provides a wide matching and isolation bandwidth with low output amplitude imbalance, which is unique in comparison with current couplers. The prototype of the proposed coupler is fabricated and measured where the simulation and measurement results show a good agreement indicating the strength of the proposed method in PRGW structure design as well. The measured results show the couplers achieve better than 10-dB return loss and isolation over the frequency range from 25 to 40 GHz (46% BW) with the power-split unbalance and phase error within ± 1 dB and ± 5°, respectively. In addition, square mushrooms are chosen here to satisfy the high impedance surface. Not only do they bring about larger stop bandwidth, but also their configuration facilitates the arrangement of them around the coupler. The proposed design has superb characteristics such as low profile, low loss, and easy integration with microwave circuits and systems that can be suitable for designing mm-wave beamforming networks.

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A Systematic Design of a Compact Wideband Hybrid Directional Coupler Based on Printed RGW Technology

Cited by 18 publications

References 29 publications

Broadband Three-Section Branch-Line Coupler Realized by Ridge Gap Waveguide Technology From 12 to 20 GHz

Broadband Three-Section Branch-Line Coupler Realized by Ridge Gap Waveguide Technology From 12 to 20 GHz

Development of a New Backward Directional Coupler Based on Perforated Substrates

Analysis and design of ultra-wideband PRGW hybrid coupler using PEC/PMC waveguide model

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