A synthesis of AOT40-based response functions and critical levels of ozone for agricultural and horticultural crops

Ozone concentrations, flux and potential effect on yield during wheat growth in the Northwest-Shandong Plain of China

“…For example, the National Crop Loss Assessment Network (NCLAN, USA) obtained the M7-based functions using 10-year OTC experiments (Heck et al, 1982;Wang and Mauzerall, 2004). Mills et al (2007) summarized numerous AOT40-based response functions for some crops obtained by several OTC experiments in Europe and the USA. In China, AOT40-based models have recently been created for the Yangtze River Delta (Feng et al, 2003;Wang et al, 2012).…”

“…To quantify these losses, some O 3 exposure/flux-response models have been generated by using OTC or FACE experiments (Heck et al, 1982;Mills et al, 2007;Feng et al, 2012;Wang et al, 2012). Although flux-based indices have advantages over exposure-based indices owing to their linkage to stomatal uptake of plants, there are some practical limitations that hinder their use in current research.…”

Implementation of a module for risk of ozone impacts assessment to vegetation in the Integrated Assessment Modelling system for the Iberian Peninsula. Evaluation for wheat and Holm oak

“…As a result, intensive work is being carried out to develop quantitative methods for this purpose (e.g. Alonso et al, 2008;Mills et al, 2007aMills et al, , 2011aPleijel et al, 2004Pleijel et al, , 2007.…”

“…The exposure-based approach has important limitations and uncertainties because it only considers the ozone concentration, not the actual flux or dose of ozone entering the plant (Mills et al, 2007a). To solve these problems, the flux-based approach was developed under the CLRTAP framework taking into account the influence of different parameters affecting the ozone uptake mechanism (such as temperature, water vapour pressure deficit -VPD-, light, etc.)…”

“…This work allows estimating and comparing the risk of ozone damage on vegetation in the Iberian Peninsula (IP) and Balearic Islands through concentration-based and flux-based approaches integrating both, modelled meteorological conditions and O3 levels. Such development establishes a framework for estimating the risk of ozone impacts on vegetation under different emission/ policy scenarios according to the concentration-response and flux-response relationships derived from experimental studies (Fuhrer et al, 1997;Karlsson et al, 2004;Mills et al, 2007aMills et al, , 2011aLRTAP Convention, 2010;Pleijel et al, 2004).…”