A synchronous rearing method for the Asian citrus psyllid and its parasitoids in quarantine

Natural parasitism of Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera, Psyllidae) nymphs by Tamarixia radiata Waterston (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae) in São Paulo orange groves

“…However, these rates may not represent the true importance of the natural enemy as a mortality factor and regulator of the insectpest population. In the case of T. radiata, the nymphal mortality caused by female feeding is greater than the parasitism itself (Skelley & Hoy 2004), and this factor was not evaluated in the present study.…”

Thermal hygrometric requirements for the rearing and release of Tamarixia radiata (Waterston) (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae)

“…We used D. citri and T. radiata from the rearing of Laboratory of Insect Biology from the Department of Entomology and Acarology from Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz"-Universidade de São Paulo (ESALQ-USP). The rearing of D. citri was adapted from the methods described in Skelley & Hoy (2004) and Nava et al (2007), using seedlings of the orange jasmine (Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack), 25-30 cm high, cultivated ABSTRACT. Thermal hygrometric requirements for the rearing and release of Tamarixia radiata (Waterston) (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae).…”

“…For the rearing of T. radiata, we used seedlings of the orange jasmine infested with nymphs in the 4 th and 5 th instars of D. citri (Chu & Chien 1991;Skelley & Hoy 2004;Nava et al 2007). The seedlings of the orange jasmine containing nymphs in the 4 th instar were placed for parasitism in cages (45 x 35 x 37 cm) for a 24-h period.…”

Toxicity of Imidacloprid-Treated Spheres to Caribbean fruit fly, <I>Anastrepha suspensa</I> (Diptera: Tephritidae) and Its Parasitoid <I>Diachasmimorpha longicaudata</I> (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in the Laboratory

“…Repeated sprays of these broad-spectrum insecticides over several years could cause secondary outbreaks of whiteflies, aphids, armored scales, and mealybugs previously held below damage thresholds by a complex of beneficial insects (University of Florida-IFAS Extension 2008). Tamarixia radiata was imported as a part of a classical biological control program and is now established in Florida (Hoy et al 1999;Skelley & Hoy 2004).…”

“…In addition, we investigated, for the first time, the susceptibility of T. radiata adults when parasitoids were sprayed directly (acute toxicity) or exposed to the residues (residual toxicity) of these adjuvants alone and in combination with petroleum oil, copper hydroxide, abamectin, and imidacloprid under laboratory conditions. Diaphorina citri and T. radiata were reared according to a method modified from Skelley & Hoy (2004). The psyllid colony was maintained with potted citrus trees, approximately 30-50 cm tall.…”