2019
DOI: 10.1002/jctb.6260
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A sustainable system for maleic acid synthesis from biomass‐derived sugar

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The preparation of maleic acid from the oxidation of renewable furfural has attracted significant attention, but research regarding the direct transformation of biomass-derived sugar to maleic acid is rare. The research regarding the direct transformation of xylose to maleic acid would further promote its industrial applications. RESULTS: The direct synthesis of maleic acid from xylose was investigated based on a sustainable system of deep eutectic solvents (DESs). Four DESs were screened to evalua… Show more

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Cited by 18 publications
(14 citation statements)
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“…141 Because betaine hydrochloride is a strong organic acid having a pH value of ∼1, the authors next applied it in maleic acid and fumaric acid synthesis directly from xylose, in which xylose dehydration to furfural was performed at 453 K, and the next furfural oxidation was conducted at 363 K, which provided 17 and 4% yields of maleic acid and fumaric acid, respectively, from xylose. Zhang also explored a deep eutectic solvent system composed of choline chloride−formic acid−SnCl 4 for maleic acid synthesis, 142 starting from xylose dehydration followed by H 2 O 2 oxidation without intermediate separation, and obtained a 34.4% yield of maleic acid with an 8.2% yield of fumaric acid. Remarkably, the mixture of choline chloride and SnCl 4 could be recrystallized after the oxidation process and retained high activity for furfural production.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…141 Because betaine hydrochloride is a strong organic acid having a pH value of ∼1, the authors next applied it in maleic acid and fumaric acid synthesis directly from xylose, in which xylose dehydration to furfural was performed at 453 K, and the next furfural oxidation was conducted at 363 K, which provided 17 and 4% yields of maleic acid and fumaric acid, respectively, from xylose. Zhang also explored a deep eutectic solvent system composed of choline chloride−formic acid−SnCl 4 for maleic acid synthesis, 142 starting from xylose dehydration followed by H 2 O 2 oxidation without intermediate separation, and obtained a 34.4% yield of maleic acid with an 8.2% yield of fumaric acid. Remarkably, the mixture of choline chloride and SnCl 4 could be recrystallized after the oxidation process and retained high activity for furfural production.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In general, furfural is unstable and polymerizes to form humins, owing to the condensation of furan and sugars. Therefore, the yield and selectivity of furfural from xylose and xylooligomer were reduced, owing to humin formation [29]. Here, humin production increased with increasing acid concentrations at each CSF.…”
Section: Furfural Production From the First Hydrolysatementioning
confidence: 96%
“…However, the thermal stability of ChCl/oxalic acid is poor at temperatures above 379 K ( Zhang et al, 2014 ). A comparative investigation by Qiang et al found that adding SnCl 4 ·5H 2 O ( Table 4 , entries 7–10) to the ChCl/formic (Fa) system was the most successful ( Yu et al, 2019a ). Because the metal cation catalyzed the conversion of carbohydrates to furfural is related to its ionization potential, the furfural yields produced with different metal chlorides can vary.…”
Section: Catalytic Conversion Of Biomass To Furfural In Deep Eutectic...mentioning
confidence: 99%