A survey on Green communications using Adaptive Link Rate

Bilal, Kashif; Khan, Samee U.; Madani, Sajjad A.; Hayat, Khizar; Khan, Majid Iqbal; Min‐Allah, Nasro; Kołodziej, Joanna; Wang, Lizhe; Zeadally, Sherali; Chen, Dan

doi:10.1007/s10586-012-0225-8

Cited by 62 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The ALR delivers energy savings without affecting the network state and operations. A detailed discussion of energy savings techniques using the ALR is presented in [4].…”

Section: Green Networking In Data Centersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been projected that the energy consumption of the network component will increase by up to 50% within data centers [7]. Moreover, the bandwidth demands of new network applications are doubling every 18 months [4]. Furthermore, in the near future, one should expect major network upgrades to support emerging technologies, such as network virtualization and Virtual Desktop Infrastructure (VDI).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, energy efficient networking will also result in the reduced data center cooling costs. Energy efficient techniques are emerging rapidly for the networking devices, such as IEEE 802.3az [4]. However, a large base of legacy networking equipment will be continually used for many years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We can categorize the existing green networking techniques into: (a) consolidation, (b) selective connectedness, and (c) proportional computing [4]. The consolidation techniques exploit the network overprovisioning and path diversity to consolidate the network traffic on a subset of devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ALR techniques are aimed to scale down the network link data rates to conserve energy. For example, the IEEE 802.3az Energy Efficient Ethernet (EEE) standard provides a mechanism for energy efficiency in the Ethernet using the ALR [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Green Data Center Networks: Challenges and Opportunities

Bilal

Khan

Zomaya

2013

2013 11th International Conference on Frontiers of Information Technology

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Abstract-The concerns about environmental impacts, electricity cost, and energy needs of data centers are mounting. These concerns have given significant impetus to consider energy efficiency as one of the major data center design parameters for researchers and IT executives. Tremendous growth in the size and computing demands of data centers mandate scalable, fault tolerant, and energy efficient network infrastructure within data centers. In the recent years, new Data Center Network (DCN) architectures have aptly proposed a viable solution to the issues posed by the legacy DCNs. New DCN architectures are required to be energy efficient and energy proportional, besides dealing with other identified design drawbacks, such as scalability, fault tolerance, end-to-end bandwidth, and non-agility. In this article, we will deliberate on the various DCN architectures, their inherent problems, and the potentials to achieve energy efficiency. We will also shed light on myriad techniques that may be suitable to make the DCN architectures more energy efficient and energy proportional. Finally, we will outline future directions.

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“…The ALR delivers energy savings without affecting the network state and operations. A detailed discussion of energy savings techniques using the ALR is presented in [4].…”

Section: Green Networking In Data Centersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Green Data Center Networks: Challenges and Opportunities

Bilal

Khan

Zomaya

2013

2013 11th International Conference on Frontiers of Information Technology

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Quantitative comparisons of the state‐of‐the‐art data center architectures

Bilal

Khan

Zhang

et al. 2012

Concurrency and Computation

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SUMMARY Data centers are experiencing a remarkable growth in the number of interconnected servers. Being one of the foremost data center design concerns, network infrastructure plays a pivotal role in the initial capital investment and ascertaining the performance parameters for the data center. Legacy data center network (DCN) infrastructure lacks the inherent capability to meet the data centers growth trend and aggregate bandwidth demands. Deployment of even the highest‐end enterprise network equipment only delivers around 50% of the aggregate bandwidth at the edge of network. The vital challenges faced by the legacy DCN architecture trigger the need for new DCN architectures, to accommodate the growing demands of the ‘cloud computing’ paradigm. We have implemented and simulated the state of the art DCN models in this paper, namely: (a) legacy DCN architecture, (b) switch‐based, and (c) hybrid models, and compared their effectiveness by monitoring the network: (a) throughput and (b) average packet delay. The presented analysis may be perceived as a background benchmarking study for the further research on the simulation and implementation of the DCN‐customized topologies and customized addressing protocols in the large‐scale data centers. We have performed extensive simulations under various network traffic patterns to ascertain the strengths and inadequacies of the different DCN architectures. Moreover, we provide a firm foundation for further research and enhancement in DCN architectures. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Selective wakeup for parallel forward engines under variable load towards energy conservation in IP routers

Shahul Hamead,

Mirnalinee,

Kavipriya

2023

Concurrency and Computation

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SummaryRecent studies have shown that a large amount of energy consumption in the communication medium occurs at the data processing plane. The data plane executes the forwarding decisions in the routers and switches. Through initial studies, the line card was identified as the most granular component of the router and later forward engine, a sub component of line card has been recognized as the most power intensive component of routers. Fundamental techniques like link rate adaption, sleep and wake‐up have been imposed to reduce the energy at line cards and forward engines. On the other hand, router's architectures undergo drastic changes like empowering data plane with parallel processing due to the rise of gigabit routers. In this paper, to increase the degree of local autonomy and better energy savings, we have adopted the parallel processing design and imposed a variable amount of traffic on different line cards. The existing parallel forward engines perform load balancing in synchronous manner. In our design, asynchronous behavior is imposed such that every line card could independently decide to wake up or turn off their forward engine based on the traffic parameters. We have done simulations and witnessed increased energy savings (average sleeping time) without compromising the completion of lookup process.

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A survey on Green communications using Adaptive Link Rate

Cited by 62 publications

References 40 publications

Green Data Center Networks: Challenges and Opportunities

Green Data Center Networks: Challenges and Opportunities

Quantitative comparisons of the state‐of‐the‐art data center architectures

Selective wakeup for parallel forward engines under variable load towards energy conservation in IP routers

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