A Survey of Primate Sera for Antibodies to Viruses of Human and Simian Origin1

Kalter, S. S.; Ratner, Joan J.; Kalter, G. V.; Rodriguez, A. R.; Kim, C. S.

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a120765

Cited by 36 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In comparison, captive orangutans surveyed in the US have been exposed to a greater number of non-arboviruses (Kalter et al, 1997). Evidence of exposure to some non-arboviral pathogens was higher in SC than in FR orangutans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Exposure to these viruses was not as common in SC animals compared to orangutans in the US. Evidence of exposure to these viruses in the US may be higher due to increased human contact, samples selected for analysis, older population of animals tested, or vaccination (Kalter et al, 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thirty-nine non-arthropod borne and eight arthropod-borne viruses (Tables 1, 2) were chosen based on their potential to infect both human and/or non-human primates (Heberling and Kalter, 1986;Marchette, 1994;Kalter et al, 1997). Serologic techniques described by Kalter and Heberling (1971) and Kalter et al (1997) were conducted at the Virus Reference Laboratory (San Antonio, Texas, USA).…”

Section: Sample Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Serologic techniques described by Kalter and Heberling (1971) and Kalter et al (1997) were conducted at the Virus Reference Laboratory (San Antonio, Texas, USA). Analyses for vector-borne viral diseases were conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Arbovirus Branch, Atlanta, Georgia, USA), and Harvard School of Public Health (Boston, Massachusetts, USA) and selected based on potential agents in the region (Tesh et al, 1975;Wolfe et al, 2001).…”

Section: Sample Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The risks of over-crowding, inappropriate habitat, unsafe water, and waste disposal for transmission of water-borne and respiratory infections are well recognized (Tsai, 1994) as well as predisposing individuals to the transmission of vectorborne and zoonotic infections. Great apes face threats caused by environmental change and pathogens shared between non-human primates and humans (Kalter et al, 1967).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Health Evaluation of Free-Ranging and Semi-Captive Orangutans (Pongo Pygmaeus Pygmaeus) in Sabah, Malaysia

Kilbourn

Karesh

Wolfe³

et al. 2003

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

107

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Baseline data on health of free-ranging wildlife is essential to evaluate impacts of habitat transformation and wildlife translocation, rehabilitation, and reintroduction programs. Health information on many species, especially great apes, is extremely limited. Between 1996 and 1998, 84 free-ranging orangutans captured for translocation, underwent a complete health evaluation. Analogous data were gathered from 60 semi-captive orangutans in Malaysia. Baseline hematology and serology; vitamin, mineral and pesticide levels; and results of health evaluations, including physical examination, provide a baseline for future monitoring. Free-ranging and semicaptive orangutans shared exposure to 11 of 47 viruses. The semi-captive orangutans had significantly higher prevalence of antibodies to adenovirus (PϽ0.0005) and rota (SA 11) virus (PϽ0.008). More free-ranging than semi-captive animals had antibodies to Japanese encephalitis virus (PϽ0.08) and foamy virus (Pϭ0.05). Exposure to parainfluenza and langat viruses was detected exclusively in semi-captive animals and exposure to sinbis virus was only found in freeranging orangutans. There was evidence of exposure to respiratory syncytial virus, coxsackie virus, dengue virus, and zika virus in both groups. Ebstein-Barr virus was ubiquitous in both groups. Prevalence of antibodies against mumps virus changed from 0% in 1996 to 45% in 1998. No antibodies were detected to many important zoonotic viral pathogens, including herpesvirus and hepatitis virus. Prevalence of Balantidium coli and Plasmodium pitheci infections and exposure to mycobacterium was higher in the semi-captive animals. Differences in exposure to pathogens between the groups may be due to environmental factors including differences in exposures to other species, habitat quality, nutritional status, and other potential stressors. Differences in health parameters between captive and free-ranging orangutans need to be considered when planning conservation areas, translocation procedures, and rehabilitation protocols. Because survival of the orangutan is linked to animal and ecosystem health, results of this study will assist wildlife conservation programs by providing baseline health information.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%