A Survey and Critique of the Literature on Crosslinking Agents and Mechanisms as Related to Wool Keratin

Hinton, JR Everett H.

doi:10.1177/004051757404400401

Cited by 33 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 184 publications

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“…Formaldehyde is able to react with different side chains of amino acids such as the amino groups of lysine, arginine, glutamine and asparagine. Formaldehyde can form crosslinks with keratin, such as NH-CH 2 -NH bridges, and between N-terminal cysteine and amine groups -S-CH 2 -NH (15). The best pH for the reaction between formaldehyde and keratin is 6 to 7.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of formaldehyde removal from synthetic contaminated air by using human hair

Talaiekhozani¹,

Talaei

Yazdan³

et al. 2016

Environ Health Eng Manag

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Background: Human hair can be used as an inexpensive and accessible adsorbent to remove a variety of pollutants from air. Although several studies have been done on removal of formaldehyde from wastewater by human hair, to date no study has investigated using hair to remove formaldehyde from air. Therefore, the aim of this study was to remove formaldehyde from synthetic contaminated air by a reactor packed with human hair. Methods: Air contaminated with formaldehyde was introduced into a cylindrical reactor packed with human hair at the initial concentration of 8500 mg/L. Formaldehyde concentration was measured in the influent and effluent of the reactor to indicate formaldehyde removal efficiency. Other measurements of parameters effective on formaldehyde removal were taken including amount of human hair and environmental temperature. Results: Results of this study revealed that each gram of human hair was able to remove 0.13 to 0.49 g of formaldehyde from air. Human hair adsorbed 98% of formaldehyde from synthetic contaminated air under 20˚C. These results demonstrate that increased temperature had a negative effect on formaldehyde removal. Conclusion: Results of this study show that human hair can be applied as a simple and inexpensive adsorbent to remove formaldehyde from industrial air exhaust. In addition, results of these tests can be considered as a small step to promote better air quality.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of formaldehyde removal from synthetic contaminated air by using human hair

Talaiekhozani¹,

Talaei

Yazdan³

et al. 2016

Environ Health Eng Manag

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“…A long chain molecule with reactive end-groups may be more successful at crosslinking than rigid aromatic bifunctional reagents, 59 which require more precise positioning of reactive groups on wool proteins to effect a cross-linking reaction.…”

Section: Effects Of Crosslinkingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wool chemistry

Simpson¹

2002

Wool

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“…However, in the case of this setting process, hair damage is caused by the disconnecting of naturally existing -SS-groups, by the use of reducing agents such as thioglycolic acid and l-cysteine. 1,2 Concerning the chemical modification of keratin fibers, many researchers [3][4][5][6] have aimed at improving the chemical and physical properties in wool. In previous studies, 7-10 we reported a new creaseproof finish for wool using 2-iminothiorane hydrochloride (2-IT), by introducing new -SS-groups, thus providing good wrinkle recovery and setting ability for wool fabrics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical modification of keratin fibers using 2‐iminothiorane hydrochloride

Kuzuhara¹

2003

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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For the purpose of improving the properties of keratin fibers by chemical modification, we attempted to introduce new disulfide (-SS-) groups into hair using 2-iminothiorane hydrochloride (2-IT). After the evaluation of the setting ability of human hair, the waving permanence (66%) of our proposed permanent hair-setting process clearly improved compared with that of a conventional permanent hair-setting process (48%). Next, it became clear that new -SS-groups were created in the human hair samples as a result of introducing and then oxidizing new -SH groups. This -SS-content in the hair samples was estimated by employing FT-Raman spectroscopy. By examining the Raman bands of the treated and untreated hair, it was seen that each band of treated hair did not change, except for the increase of the -SS-groups. This suggests that hair damage does not occur as a result of the investigated treatment. From these experiments, the chemical modification of keratin fibers using 2-IT was clearly effective for a permanent hair-setting process.

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A Survey and Critique of the Literature on Crosslinking Agents and Mechanisms as Related to Wool Keratin

Cited by 33 publications

References 184 publications

Investigation of formaldehyde removal from synthetic contaminated air by using human hair

Investigation of formaldehyde removal from synthetic contaminated air by using human hair

Wool chemistry

Chemical modification of keratin fibers using 2‐iminothiorane hydrochloride

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