A suppressor T cell in the human mixed lymphocyte reaction.

McMichael, Andrew J.; Sasazuki, Takehiko

doi:10.1084/jem.146.2.368

Cited by 76 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Although the suppressive activity detected in these experiments appears to be nongenetically restricted in most cases, the simultaneous presence of an additional, undetected, genetically restricted suppressor is not eliminated. A genetically restricted suppressor cell (31) (23), but the stimulator capacity of group III patients' cells also appeared to depend on the mitomycin C sensitivity of the suppressor cell activity in the population. The suppressor cell activity of group III patient cells appears to be mitomycin sensitive during the 4-to 6-d period and resistant at later periods.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Changes in Lymphocyte Activity after Thermal Injury

Miller¹,

Baker²

1979

J. Clin. Invest.

185

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A B S T R A C T The high incidence of fatal septicemia associated with severe thermal injury is believed to result from a loss of immunocompetence. To detect bum-mediated immune defects, lymphocyte function in peripheral blood leukocytes from 18 individuals sustaining 20-80% full thickness thermal burns was investigated. We examined the kinetics of the mitogen responses, the development of suppressive activity, and the correlation of mononuclear cell functional abnormalities with the incidence of sepsis. Patients were divided into three groups corresponding to their clinical course. The phytohemagglutinin responses of Ficoll-Hypaque purified leukocytes from eight ofthese patients (group III) were normal at day 1-2 after injury, but were significantly depressed (mean 16% of normal) at days 5-10 after injury. All of these group III patients experienced multiple, severe, septic episodes, and septic mortality was 75%. The other 10 burned individuals showed either augmented (group II) or unaltered (group I) mitogen responsiveness.Concomitant with evaluation of their mitogen responses, the cells of burn patients were assessed for development of suppressive activity by addition to ongoing normal mixed leukocyte reactions (MLR). Only the addition of mononuclear cells with depressed phytohemagglutinin responsiveness (group III) significantly decreased MLR proliferation (mean 80% reduction) by the previously highly responsive, normal MLR combinations. Addition of cells from group III burn patients collected immediately after injury had no suppressive effect. Addition of cells from patients in group I or II or of normal individual's cells had no suppressive effect. These experimental results strongly suggest that a suppressive mononuclear cell is at least partially responsible for the decreased immunocompetence of bum patients.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Changes in Lymphocyte Activity after Thermal Injury

Miller¹,

Baker²

1979

J. Clin. Invest.

185

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“…Several recent studies have suggested that suppressor cell activity may be involved in pregnancy-associated decreased immune responses (9,(20)(21)(22). For example, Clark and MacDermott (20) have presented evidence for the presence of a suppressor cell(s) for paternal antigens in the mixed lymphocyte cultures of the cells from the draining lymph nodes of the uterus, although the type of the suppressor cell(s) was not defined in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…Adoptive transfer of spleen cells from multiparous mice to virgin recipients has also been reported to induce tolerance to the H-Y antigen in male skin graft and this appears to be mediated by suppressor T cells (21). Similar suppressor T cells have also been reported in humans (22). In addition, it has been shown by Hamilton and Hellstr/Sm (9) that the mixtures of lymphocytes from pregnant and virgin mice are less reactive to alloantigen stimulation than the individual cell population alone, suggesting the presence of nonspecific suppressor cells in pregnant mice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Immune responses during pregnancy. Evidence of suppressor cells for splenic antibody response.

Suzuki¹,

Tomasi²

1979

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

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Mammalian pregnancy is a unique immunological paradox because the fetus, which bears paternal histocompatible antigens which are alien to the maternal immune system can survive normally as an allograft in the mother. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain fetal acceptance including nonspecific suppression of maternal immunity (1). Previous studies have suggested that factors in pregnant sera play a role in the suppression of maternal immunity (2-9), including sex hormones (2, 3), serum-blocking antibody (4), pregnancy-associated proteins (5), a-fetoprotein (6, 7), and as yet undefined factors. However, none of these have been established as a major factor in the suppressed maternal immunity. Moreover, contradictory results have been recently reported by Smith (8) and Hamilton and Hellstr/Sm (9), who claim that sera from syngeneically or allogeneically pregnant mice do not inhibit the responses of normal lymphocytes to alloantigens. The reasons for these discrepancies are unclear. Other evidence which suggests suppressed maternal immunity during pregnancy includes depressed mixed lymphocyte reactions (10), diminished mitogen responses (6, 11), decreased leukocyte migration (12), and delayed skin graft rejection (13). An increased frequent occurrence of severe viral infection during pregnancy (14) has also been postulated to be related to suppressed maternal immunity. There have, however, been very few reports investigating the antibody response following challenge in pregnant animals. One study (15) reports that the circulating antibody titers to several antigens including sheep erythrocytes (SRBC) t were not significantly altered during pregnancy while we have previously reported a decreased splenic plaque-forming-cell (PFC) response following in vivo immunization of pregnant mice (7).The present study shows that in vitro IgM antibody synthesis against SRBC is decreased in the pregnant spleen cells compared to controls, and moreover this appears to be mediated by nonspecific splenic suppressor cells. At least two populations of pregnant spleen cells were shown to exert a nonspecific suppressor effect. One is a T lymphocyte and the other a nylon wool-adherent cell present in the B-cell-enriched macrophage-depleted fraction. Pregnant spleen cells cultured in vitro secrete soluble supernate factors which decrease the primary IgM antibody response of normal spleen cells. We were unable to demonstrate suppressor cells in the pregnant lymph node

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“…This may indicate a disturbance in at least a fraction of the T-cells, e.g. either a deficit of allogeneic-reacting T-lymphocytes or an increased amount of suppressor T-cells (MCMICHAEL & SASAZUKI 1977).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%