A Substation-Oriented Approach to Optimal Phasor Measurement Units Placement

Abstract

-State Estimation (SE) is the basis of a variety of advanced applications used in most modern power systems. An SE problem formed with enough phasor measurement units (PMUs) data is simply a linear weighted least squares problem requiring no iterations. Thus, designing a minimumcost placement of PMUs that guarantees observability of a power system becomes a worthy challenge. This paper proposes an equivalent integer linear programming method for substation-oriented optimal PMU placement (SOOPP). The proposed method uses an exhaustive search to determine a globally optimal solution representing the best PMU placement for that particular power system. To obtain a more comprehensive model, contingencies and the limitation of the number of PMU measurement channels are considered and embodied in the model as changes to the original constraints and as additional constraints. The proposed method is examined for applicability using the IEEE 14-bus, 118-bus and 300-bus test systems. The comparison between SOOPP results and results obtained by other methods reveals the excellence of SOOPP. Furthermore, practical large-scale power systems are also successfully analyzed using SOOPP.

A PMU Placement Scheme Considering Realistic Costs and Modern Trends in Relaying

“…Motivated by this, in this paper, we study the problem of minimizing the total number of substation locations where installations are performed to observe all the buses of the network. In [17], the task of placing PMUs was done substation-wise. However, the goal of [17] was to minimize the total number of devices.…”

“…In [17], the task of placing PMUs was done substation-wise. However, the goal of [17] was to minimize the total number of devices. As pointed in [2] and [7], the cost of the devices does not represent the major portion of the synchrophasor deployment cost.…”

“…As pointed in [2] and [7], the cost of the devices does not represent the major portion of the synchrophasor deployment cost. Therefore, from a cost minimization perspective the formulation developed in [17] is not optimal.…”

Allocation of PMU channels at substations for topology processing and state estimation

“…Differently, in a generic approach presented in [26], the OPP considers the node-branch model along with the substation. However, this approach does not prioritise allocation in terms of redundancy in the substation and could cause observability problems to the MSE.…”

Economical placement of PMUs considering observability and voltage stability using binary coded ant lion optimization

“…Since the PMUs are located by random selection, bisecting search approach is computationally less efficient to solve optimal PMU placement (OPP) problem. Conversely, integer linear programming (ILP) is propounded for joint optimal placement of PMUs by including the effect of conventional measurements, injection measurements, and line outages . Binary search algorithm has been employed for optimal placement of PMUs considering single branch outages .…”