A Suboptimal Power-Point-Tracking-Based Primary Frequency Response Strategy for DFIGs in Hybrid Remote Area Power Supply Systems

Tan, Yingjie; Meegahapola, Lasantha; Muttaqi, Kashem M.

doi:10.1109/tec.2015.2476827

Cited by 100 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…For renewable energy sources alone (regardless of energy storage accessories), the reserved energy comes from curtailable generation ability. Generally, active power reserves using RG units can be realized through two types of control strategies: (1) the delta control, which deloads RG units by constant percentages or values [36], and (2) the balance control, which controls the RG If VSG-IBG units participate in secondary and tertiary frequency regulations, persistent power reserves for power increment and decrement counteracting frequency deviations are indispensable. In other words, the capabilities of frequency regulation are determined by the availability of the reserved power input.…”

Section: Reliability Criteria For Ibg Units In Vsg Modementioning

confidence: 99%

“…For renewable energy sources alone (regardless of energy storage accessories), the reserved energy comes from curtailable generation ability. Generally, active power reserves using RG units can be realized through two types of control strategies: (1) the delta control, which deloads RG units by constant percentages or values [36], and (2) the balance control, which controls the RG output through an upper limit [37]. The reserves by the delta control are still stochastic on the basis of meteorological conditions.…”

Section: Reliability Criteria For Ibg Units In Vsg Modementioning

confidence: 99%

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Emulation Strategies and Economic Dispatch for Inverter-Based Renewable Generation under VSG Control Participating in Multiple Temporal Frequency Control

2020

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As the increasing penetration of inverter-based generation (IBG) and the consequent displacement of traditional synchronous generators (SGs), the system stability and reliability deteriorate for two reasons: first, the overall inertia decreases since the power electronic interfaces (PEIs) are almost inertia-less; second, renewable generation profiles are largely influenced by stochastic meteorological conditions. To strengthen power systems, the concept of the virtual synchronous generator (VSG) has been proposed, which controls the external characteristics of PEIs to emulate those of SGs. Currently, PEIs could perform short-term inertial and primary frequency responses through the VSG algorithm. For renewable energy sources (RES), deloading strategies enable the generation units to possess active power reserves for system frequency responses. Additionally, the deloading strategies could provide the potential for renewable generation to possess long-term frequency regulation abilities. This paper focuses on emulation strategies and economic dispatch for IBG units to perform multiple temporal frequency control. By referring to the well-established knowledge systems of generation and operation in conventional power systems, the current VSG algorithm is extended and complemented by the emulation of secondary and tertiary regulations. The reliability criteria are proposed, considering the loss of load probability (LOLP) and renewable spillage probability (RSP). The reliability criteria are presented in two scenarios, including the renewable units operated in maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and VSG modes. A LOLP-based economic dispatch (ED) approach is solved to acquire the generation and reserve schemes. The emulation strategies and the proposed approach are verified by simulation.

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Section: Reliability Criteria For Ibg Units In Vsg Modementioning

confidence: 99%

“…For renewable energy sources alone (regardless of energy storage accessories), the reserved energy comes from curtailable generation ability. Generally, active power reserves using RG units can be realized through two types of control strategies: (1) the delta control, which deloads RG units by constant percentages or values [36], and (2) the balance control, which controls the RG output through an upper limit [37]. The reserves by the delta control are still stochastic on the basis of meteorological conditions.…”

Section: Reliability Criteria For Ibg Units In Vsg Modementioning

confidence: 99%

Emulation Strategies and Economic Dispatch for Inverter-Based Renewable Generation under VSG Control Participating in Multiple Temporal Frequency Control

2020

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“…4-(b). Another strategy to rectify this excessive heating issue around synchronous speed is the suboptimal power point tracking (SOPPT) approach proposed in [19]. In the SOPPT approach, it simply shifts the rotor speed to a certain value outside the deadband to avoid the synchronous operation.…”

Section: B Proposed Multi-mode Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, the high torque stress on the drive-train can be alleviated. A similar supplementary controller is used in [19] to provide enhanced primary frequency response from the DFIG. The implementation of the supplementary control in this paper further extends the benefits of the supplementary control of the frequency regulation.…”

Section: B Transition From Ig Mode To Dfig Modementioning

confidence: 99%

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Deadband Control of Doubly-Fed Induction Generator Around Synchronous Speed

Tan

Muttaqi

Meegahapola³

et al. 2016

IEEE Trans. Energy Convers.

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Semiconductor devices in power electronic converters of the doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) are susceptible to significant junction temperature variations when operating around synchronous speed, thereby reducing the lifetime of the converters. This is due to the fact that the frequency of the rotor current in a DFIG is determined by the stator flux frequency and rotor speed, and hence will lead to low rotor current frequency when operating closer to the synchronous speed, and ultimately result in significant thermal stress on semiconductor devices. In this paper, a multimode operation control strategy is proposed for the DFIG to prevent operating around the synchronous speed (within a predefined deadband); thus, the proposed control strategy can avoid the thermal stress problem. The proposed strategy engages the existing crowbar scheme for DFIG-based wind energy conversion system to intentionally alter the operating mode of the generator between DFIG and induction generator (IG). Smooth transition between the two operating modes can be achieved with the supplementary control strategies. Unity power factor can also be maintained in both operating modes by using the grid side converter as a static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) to fulfill the reactive power requirement of the DFIG in IG mode. Abstract-Semiconductor devices in power electronic converters of the doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) are susceptible to significant junction temperature variations when operating around synchronous speed, thereby reducing the lifetime of the converters. This is due to the fact that the frequency of the rotor current in a DFIG is determined by the stator flux frequency and rotor speed, and hence will lead to low rotor current frequency when operating closer to the synchronous speed, and ultimately result in significant thermal stress on semiconductor devices. In this paper, a multimode operation control strategy is proposed for the DFIG to prevent operating around the synchronous speed (within a predefined deadband), thus the proposed control strategy can avoid the thermal stress problem. The proposed strategy engages the existing crowbar scheme for DFIG based WECS to intentionally alter the operating mode of the generator between DFIG and induction generator (IG). Smooth transition between the two operating modes can be achieved with the supplementary control strategies. Unity power factor can also be maintained in both operating modes by using the grid side converter as a static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) to fulfil the reactive power requirement of the DFIG in IG mode.Index Terms-Crowbar, doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG), multimode operation, synchronous speed, wind power, thermal analysis.

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Operating point optimization of wind turbine generators for provision of inertial response and frequency control

Tessaro¹,

Oliveira²

2020

Int Trans Electr Energ Syst

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Summary Inertial and frequency control approaches for wind turbine generators have proven to be effective in mitigating the frequency control and stability problems inherent to power systems and microgrids with high penetration levels of wind generation. This paper proposes an optimization formulation to determine the operating point of de‐loaded wind turbines in order to improve the mechanical dynamics of the wind turbine‐generator set. Such operating point optimization reduces the speed deviation magnitude and settling time of the wind turbine caused by the action of inertial and frequency control. The optimization approach is integrated into a combined inertial and frequency control approach for type‐4 wind turbine generators. The optimized control approach, based on the concept of virtual synchronous generator, may extend the inertial response and frequency control capabilities of type‐4 wind turbine generators, thus improving the transient and steady‐state frequency performance of high wind penetrated power systems.

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A Suboptimal Power-Point-Tracking-Based Primary Frequency Response Strategy for DFIGs in Hybrid Remote Area Power Supply Systems

Cited by 100 publications

References 32 publications

Emulation Strategies and Economic Dispatch for Inverter-Based Renewable Generation under VSG Control Participating in Multiple Temporal Frequency Control

Emulation Strategies and Economic Dispatch for Inverter-Based Renewable Generation under VSG Control Participating in Multiple Temporal Frequency Control

Deadband Control of Doubly-Fed Induction Generator Around Synchronous Speed

Operating point optimization of wind turbine generators for provision of inertial response and frequency control

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