A Study on Weed Flora and Importance Value Index of Weeds in Wheat Crop

Abstract

Weeds are an important problem because they reduce the yield and quality of wheat. This study was carried out to determine the phytosociology of weeds in wheat fields of Siirt, Turkey. A square-frame inventory method was used that was randomly released at least four times from 90 different locations between March and May in 2019. A total of 71 weed species belonging to 20 different families, one of which is grass (12 species) and 19 broadleaf (59 species) were identified. Asteraceae (with 15 species) were identified as the predominant family, followed by Poaceae (with 12 species), Brassicaceae and Fabaceae (with 8 species). The highest frequency, density and abundance values were determined Avena sterilis L. (83%, 11.4 plant m -2 , 32.8%), Sinapis arvensis L. (81%, 9.6 plant m -2 , 41.3%), Ranunculus arvensis L. (77%, 4.3 plant m -2 , 24.4%), Galium aparine L. (66%, 8.2 plant m -2 , 12.8%), and Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. (61%, 5.5 plant m -2 , 29.0%) species were the maximum. When the above values are calculated relatively, importance value index (IVI) were detected Avena sterilis L. (22.3%), Sinapis arvensis L. (22.2%), Papaver rhoeas L. (15.9%), Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. (14.1%), and Galium aparine L.(13.5%) species were the highest. According to the economic threshold (according to the current literature) Avena sterilis L. and Sinapis arvensis L. were identified as noxious weeds. This research will shed light on the determination of the noxious weeds, economic threshold and environmentally-friendly integrated weed management tactics to be developed in wheat.

Bioherbicidal Activity and Metabolic Profiling of Potent Allelopathic Plant Fractions Against Major Weeds of Wheat—Way Forward to Lower the Risk of Synthetic Herbicides

“…Test weeds included Sinapis arvensis, Lolium multiflorum, and Parthenium hysterophorus. These species were selected based on their prevalence in crops and their herbicide-resistance development (Scursoni et al, 2012;Bajwa et al, 2016;Erman et al, 2020).…”

“…(Tanveer et al, 2003;Khan et al, 2007;Shabbir and Bajwa, 2007;Rajput et al, 2008;Sarwar et al, 2013;Iqbal et al, 2017;Tahira and Khan, 2017). Among these, S. arvensis is specifically known to prevail abundantly in wheat (Gherekhloo et al, 2018) with a density of approximately 40%, reducing ∼43% grain yield (Dhima and Eleftherohorinos, 2005;Behdarvand et al, 2013;Erman et al, 2020). Lolium multiflorum is also a great competitor (Appleby and Brewster, 1992), being 46% prevalent in cultivated wheat area (Scursoni et al, 2012), whereby reducing its production up to 90% (Hashem et al, 1998;Bailey and Wilson, 2003;Worthington et al, 2013;Andreasen et al, 2020).…”

Diversity, nutrient contents and production of forage plants in an integrated cattle livestock-oil palm plantation in East Kalimantan, Indonesia

“…The number of broad-leaved plant species also much higher at the 3 years old oil palm plantations compared to other age groups which were dominated by the narrow-leaved plant groups (Figure 2). The decrease in broad-leaved plant species number is likely related to the increasing degrees of shade (Sims et al 2018) which suppress plant growth under the shade (Pala et al 2020).…”

Biochemical analysis, photosynthetic gene (psbA) down–regulation, and in silico receptor prediction in weeds in response to exogenous application of phenolic acids and their analogs

“…multiflorum , and P . hysterophorus [ 19 – 24 ]. Photosystem II inhibitor, fatty acid inhibitor, synthetic auxin inhibitor, acetolactate synthase (ALS), acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACCase), and 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) resistance has been reported in S .…”