Determining the orientations of principal optical indicatrix
axes
is a key prerequisite for the applications of optical crystals, which
is still an intriguing challenge for triclinic optical crystals due
to the lowest symmetry. The prism method is one of the important ways
to determine these directions, but no actual examples are available
owing to the complexity and scarcity of the triclinic crystals so
far. To solve this remaining problem among seven crystal systems,
we proposed a universal method, the so-called “multiple prisms
method,” to determine the orientations of principal optical
indicatrix axes X, Y, and Z as well as the principal refractive index values n
x
, n
y
, and n
z
in triclinic crystals based on four prisms and demonstrated this
method by employing triclinic Nd3+-doped La2CaB8O16 crystals, which is of great significance
to the studies and applications of triclinic optical crystals in the
future.