A Study on Prevalence and Seasonal Variation of Diarrheal Diseases Among Under-Five Children of Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Abstract

Background: Diarrheal disease forms one of the two major killer diseases in children under five years of age in the developing world. Data on the prevalence and related factors of diarrhea in Bundelkhand region is quite scanty. A community-based cross sectional study was undertaken among 301 under-five children of field practice area Medical College Jhansi during 2015-16, to find out the burden of diarrheal diseases and the effect of seasonal variation on the pattern of diarrheal diseases. Methods: Cross sectional study was carried out using pre-tested interview schedule. Results: Overall period (last 2 weeks) and point (24 hrs) prevalence rates of diarrheal diseases among children under-five age were calculated which came to the order of 36.1% and 12 % respectively. Prevalence of diarrhea decreased significantly with increasing age and was found to be higher during summer months. Conclusion:The burden of diarrheal disease in Bundelkhand region is quite high, like places in the developing world. The age pattern and seasonal pattern of the diarrheal disease also resembles that found in studies across India and the developing world.

The effects of seasonal variations on household water security and burden of diarrheal diseases among under 5 children in an urban community, Southwest Nigeria

“…The proportion of households that reported diarrheal diseases was higher during the dry season than during the rainy season. The higher prevalence of diarrheal disease during the dry season was in agreement with previous studies conducted in varying socio-cultural settings [4,[6][7][8]. In another study, a bimodal distribution of the peak period of diarrheal disease was observed.…”

“…Previous studies have demonstrated the possibility of seasonal variations in some components of household water security like accessibility and water quality [4][5][6]. The burden of diarrheal disease has also been shown to vary across seasons in some studies with a peak during the dry season [4,[6][7][8] while a bimodal pattern was observed in a study conducted among under-5 children in Ghana [9].…”

“…Previous post-disaster assessments of household water security as a risk factor for diarrheal disease demonstrated significant associations between household water security and diarrheal diseases [10,11]. Most of the previous studies in Nigeria and SSA that seek to study water-related factors as risk factors for diarrheal disease have focused more on water quality [6,[12][13][14][15]. There are very few studies that assess other components of household water security as risk factors for diarrheal disease.…”