A Study on Endometrial Biopsies in Gynaecological Specimen: A 2 Years Retrospective Study

Abstract

BACKGROUNDUterine cavity is lined by the endometrial mucosa. Endometrium is continuously under hormonal effect throughout life. These hormones can be of ovarian or pituitary origin. Any alteration in the volume or pattern of menstrual blood flow is termed as abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB). Abnormal uterine bleeding occurring after one year of menopause is termed as postmenopausal bleeding (PMB). Pathology of endometrium can be better evaluated on endometrial biopsies, scrapings or curettage. MATERIALS AND METHODSThe present study was a hospital based retrospective study carried out in a tertiary care hospital in coastal Andhra Pradesh. The materials for the study included endometrial curetting, scrapings, biopsies and hysterectomy specimens RESULTSThe present study constituted a total of 68 cases with age ranging from 28 years to 69 years. Two patients first underwent endometrial biopsy followed by total hysterectomy. These 04 specimens of two patients were taken as 02 cases only. All endometrial specimens were broadly classified into hyperplasias, benign and malignant. Each category was then sub-classified into specific types according to the current WHO classification (2014). Most common age group affected by all lesions was 51-60 years (25 cases) followed by 41-50 years (21 cases). CONCLUSIONAbnormal uterine bleeding at any age can be alarming and should be evaluated thoroughly. As chances of tumours increases with age, even a minimal spotting in post-menopausal age should be taken seriously. Endometrial biopsy is the important test for the diagnosis of endometrial abnormalities; care should be taken in sampling. Inadequate or sampling from wrong site may lead to interpretation error.